October GATE Equity Webinar Students Who Smoke or
October GATE Equity Webinar Students Who Smoke or Vape: A Red Flag for Supports Exploring topics related to equity in graduation success Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction Chris Reykdal, State Superintendent
Who Are We? Kefi Andersen Mandy Paradise Deb Drandoff Tina Johnson Graduation Equity Program Supervisor Student Assistance Program Supervisor Director of Prevention and Youth Services Student Assistance Professional OSPI ESD 112 Hudson’s Bay High School Vancouver School District 9/4/2018 | 2
Vision: All students prepared for post-secondary pathways, careers, and civic engagement. Mission: Transform K– 12 education to a system that is centered on closing opportunity gaps and is characterized by high expectations for all students and educators. We achieve this by developing equity-based policies and supports that empower educators, families, and communities. Values:
Office of System & School Improvement Focus on schools identified for supports We believe we are more likely to see school improvement across multiple measures if we: Connect programming to specific needs Build the health of systems Provide professional learning on data inquiry and supportive resources and tools
Today’s Topics • A Public Health Issue • What it Looks Like in Washington • What it Looks Like in the Field 12/12/2019 | 5
Why? Because we care 12/12/2019 | 6
Background 9/4/2018 | 7
Teen Vaping & Smoking Media Culture Accessibility Peers Don’t perceive it as harmful Coping Addiction Lack of Supports ACES + MH + Negative Stressors Biology & Genetic Factors 9/4/2018 | 8
Questions & Polling When you think of students vaping/smoking/nicotine are you more inclined to think of it as an issue related to: A. Discipline B. Health C. Addiction 9/4/2018 | 9
Tobacco Use and Behavioral Health • 70% of substance abuse treatment clients are tobacco users, making nicotine dependence the most common substance use disorder • Recent study showed recovering alcoholics who smoke are twice as likely to relapse within three years, than those who do not smoke (Goodwin, 2015) • Smokers pay the price: • Tobacco related illness is the leading cause of death for those in Recovery 9/4/2018 | 10
More on Tobacco Use and Behavioral Health 2 • People with serious mental illness have a 25 year shorter life span the general population • 40 -70% of adults with mental health disorder use tobacco, compared to 17% of the general population • This population has: • 2 x Cardiovascular disease • 3 x Respiratory disease • 3 x Cancers 9/4/2018 | 11
Cigarette Death Epidemic in Perspective Average Annual Deaths in the US 600, 000 500, 000 480, 000 400, 000 300, 000 200, 000 100, 000 49, 000 48, 000 45, 000 Prescription Drugs Alcohol Suicide 41, 000 0 Tobacco 20, 000 Second Murders Illegal Drugs Hand Smoke Average Annual Deaths in the US *Center for Disease Control 9/4/2018 | 12
Current Smokers by Mental Illness and Substance Abuse Disorder History *Lasser, et al, JAMA, 2008 9/4/2018 | 13
Tobacco Integration: ESD Student Assistance Program Tobacco Use Rates - 2001 30% Funding began in 2001 25% 20% 15% Introduced tobacco specific groups and curricula, NOT, TAP/TEG, END 10% 5% 0% Made distinction between education and cessation groups 8 th 10 th 12 th • Often viewed as discipline and health issue • School policy different than alcohol and drug policy 9/4/2018 | 14
We’ve come a long way… Tobacco use rates as of 2016 Tobacco Use Rates: 2001 -2011 30% 27% 8 th grade – 3% down from 11% in 2001 25% 20% 17% 16% 15% 11% 10 th grade – 6% down from 17% in 2001 8% 12 th grade – 11% down from 27% in 2001 5% 0% 2001 2016 9/4/2018 | 15
Why do we need to address youth tobacco use? Among 10 th graders in Washington State* 6% are tobacco users 13% use e-cigarettes 3% use smokeless tobacco *2016 Healthy Youth Survey Results 9/4/2018 | 16
Why do we need to address youth tobacco use? 1 Percentage of Youth Reporting Depression Symptoms 70% 59% 60% 48% 50% 60% 51% 50% 40% 30% Percentage of Youth Reported Contemplating Suicide 40% 39% 30% 20% 10% 0% 0% Non-users 36% Smokeless tobacco users E-cigarette users Tobacco users 18% Non-users Smokeless tobacco users E-cigarette users Tobacco users 9/4/2018 | 17
Why do we need to address youth tobacco use? 2 Percentage of Youth Reporting Using Alcohol 90% 80% 75% 78% 67% 70% 76% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% Percentage of Youth Reporting Marijuana Use 16% 20% 65% 64% E-cigarette users Smokeless tobacco users 13% 10% 0% 0% Non-users E-Cigarette users Smokeless tobacco users Percentage of Youth Reporting Using Alcohol Tobacco users Non-users Tobacco users Percentage of Youth Reporting Marijuana Use 9/4/2018 | 18
Nicotine Effects Receptor Activation Increase arousal Heighten attention Influence stages of sleep Produce states of pleasure Decrease fatigue Decrease anxiety Improve cognitive function Reduce pain 9/4/2018 | 19
Nicotine Neurochemistry Inhibitory, Calming, Relaxing neurotransmitters Excitatory, Activating, Stimulating neurotransmitters • Norepinephrine – arousal, appetite suppression • Glutamate – learning, memory enhancement • Acetylcholine – arousal, cognitive enhancement • GABA – reduction of anxiety and tension • Serotonin – mood modulation and appetite suppression Rewarding neurotransmitters • Dopamine – pleasure and appetite suppression Entry of nicotine into the brain releases… Analgesic neurotransmitters • Endorphins - reduction of anxiety and tension 9/4/2018 | 20
Nicotine Effects Withdrawal Symptoms Mentally sluggish Inattentive Boredom and dysphoria Anxiety Insomnia Fatigue Increase pain sensitivity Worsen cognitive function 9/4/2018 | 21
Big Ideas: Recommendations For Schools Reframe thinking of tobacco/vape violations from a discipline issue to a student of concern Combine tobacco and alcohol/other drug policy and add vape devices Minimize time out of school Screen all youth caught using tobacco or vape products for substance use or mental health assessment or referral needs 9/4/2018 | 22
Resources Washington Healthy Youth Survey data Best practice tobacco and vaping education materials for schools from Stanford University Washington Department of Health Tobacco Prevention Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Youth Tobacco Prevention resources US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Youth Tobacco Prevention resources Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids 9/4/2018 | 23
Questions & Polling 1 Do you know the place all your students go to smoke and vape? A. Yes B. No Does your school have a screening process for drug and alcohol? A. Yes B. No C. Don’t Know 9/4/2018 | 24
Who Am I? Where Am I From? Tina Johnson Student Assistance Professional Hudson’s Bay High School Vancouver School District My Past Experience 9/4/2018 | 25
Why did you start looking at smoking and vaping students? Tobacco education groups Youth referred had multiple issues New data confirmed experience 9/4/2018 | 26
What did you do as a result? Screen all students with tobacco violations Refer for treatment and mental health services when indicated Students with tobacco violations are placed in substance use intervention group 9/4/2018 | 27
Process For Building A System • How did the work spread in your district? • How do you know the work will continue after you leave your building? Other district high schools are now exploring implementing this approach Administrators understand the link between tobacco and other substance use and mental health issues Written policies will sustain these changes 9/4/2018 | 28
What Advice Would You Give To People Starting This Work? Educate • Administrators • Student Support Teams Update • Policies • Procedures Implement • Screening process • Referral protocol 9/4/2018 | 29
Questions & Polling 2 • What is one major takeaway you have from today’s webinar? • Let’s learn together: Share your thought in the chat. 9/4/2018 | 30
Survey Tell us how we’re doing: http: //bit. ly/GATEevaluation 12/12/2019 | 31
Next Month November 14, 2018 Community Partnerships: Early Warning Systems 10 a. m. – 11 a. m. Community Partnerships: 201 1: 00 p. m. – 2: 00 p. m. 9/4/2018 | 32
Creative Commons • Except where otherwise noted, this work by the Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction is licensed under a Creative Commons 4. 0 International License. • Many of our images come from Canva. com and The. Noun. Project. com. 9/4/2018 | 33
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