OCR Cambridge National in Science Level 12 R

OCR Cambridge National in Science (Level 1/2) R 073 How scientists test their ideas

The scientific method is the approach scientists take to test their ideas. To test an idea using the scientific method you would: - design and carry out a practical investigation in which you will collect data - then analyse, interpret and evaluate the data drawing on your scientific knowledge and context of the subject.

The scientific method How would you. . . Investigate the energy released when fuels with different numbers of carbon atoms are burned? Investigate a condition that affects the production or purification of copper by electrolysis? Investigate the effectiveness of different concentrations of antimicrobials in preventing the growth of bacteria?

Research can be done using a variety of methods: The internet Surveys Books Remember to record and reference your sources.

Planning In the planning stage you identify how to collect high quality, valid data, which will minimise measurement errors. In your plan you should consider: Which variables are controlled or taken into account Which equipment and techniques are needed to minimise error and collect high quality, valid and reliable data

Collect data Primary data is produced when you carry out your practical investigation and record your results. Primary data could include: Reaction times Volume of gas or liquid produced Rate of bacteria growth

Analyse Once you have collected your primary data you can analyse it. To do this you should process the data you have collected. • plot a graph to show the results of your investigation • carry out a mathematical or statistical analysis of your results • describe any patterns or trends in your results.

Conclusion and evaluation Your practical investigation should include a conclusion which summarises the results you have gathered, and what you think they mean. Once you have finished your practical investigation, you will need to evaluate both your data and the methods you used to collect it. • Comment on any unexpected results. • Evaluate your results, the method you used, and how well you managed the risks.

In this unit you will • Be able to plan a scientific investigation • Be able to collect scientific data • Be able to analyse scientific information • Be able to evaluate scientific information • Be able to communicate scientific information

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