Observing System Status Brief Overview Will post PPts

Observing System Status. Brief Overview • Will post PPts from Mike Johnson and from Eric Lindstrom from the annual review of the NOAA Climate Observations Program to provide more details on recent NOAA and NASA perspectives • Mike’s JCOMM Obs Coordination PPt is available from JCOMM web site

Keeping it going • There has been some progress in some nations toward sustaining in situ and satellite observing efforts. • However most efforts are still supported via research agency funding and the efforts of research oceanographers • Demonstrations of effectiveness of system will be a continuing need • INDICES!

In Situ System • Particular progress w. real time Tide gauges and p. CO 2 • Incremental progress in some other elements • Increased awareness of challenges of maintaining global distribution of both surface drifters and float • Some historical data issues w. XTBs and some Argo floats • New GOOS coastal technical panel

Celebrating the Past, Observing the Present, Predicting the Future Adjusted Program 2003 Tide Gauge Stations Surface Drifting Buoys Tropical Moored Buoys Ships of Opportunity Argo Floats Ocean Reference Stations 2005 2006 102 2007 127 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Goal 152 162 172 180 180 69 79 787 975 1250 1250 1250 Number of buoys 79 83 86 26 923 37 12 Ocean Carbon Network 4 370 27 39 91 41 97 41 103 112 115 117 118 119 132 Number of moorings 44 46 51 51 51 High resolution & frequently repeated lines occupied 3000 3000 1500 2240 2557 41 13 9 458 42 43 46 47 24 18 21 21 15 17 458 468 49 57 58 58 58 38 55 55 20 22 26 29 31 34 37 492 522 582 582 3000 Number of floats 87 Number of observatories and ocean reference stations 73 Ice buoys, drifting and moored stations, transects 37 Repeat Sections completed, one inventory per 10 years 882 Days at sea (NOAA contribution) Representative milestones including international contributions Total System Real-time Stations, Initial GCOS Subset 67 Arctic Ocean System Dedicated Ship Time 2004 Components that will be completed by 2013 45 2003 48 2004 55 55 57 56 57 59 58 59 59 59 2005 2006 2007 2008 72 81 89 63 62 72 67 81 68 89 68 2009 2010 63 2011 2012 98 100 Base Budget FY 08 President’s Budget Program Planning System % Complete 69 2013 Goal 100% Requirement Program Adjustment 05/18/07

Observing System Monitoring Center Near-real-time tool for system statistics and data Sort by: • Platform type • Variables being sampled • Time frame • Contributing Country Drill down for platform metadata and real-time data. Test Version 2. 00 beta: www. jcommops. org/network_status

Status of the System 6279 platforms globally. 2950 U. S. platforms. ( One day snapshot of surface platforms reporting

Coming Soon: Direct link to performance monitoring GOOS Requirement for SST: 5 x 5 grid

Tropical Moored Buoys • TAO/TRITON sustained • PIRATA Extensions implemented • Indian Ocean Array getting started

Argo Profiling Float Array 2849 active floats

PX 38 2 9 PX 0 3 PX 1 PX 02 0 PX 3 PX 18 PX 21 IX 15 11 29 7 PX 1 AX 15 AX 08 PX 50 PX 34 AX 20 AX PX 81 PX 06 PX 1 1 IX 2 2 1 IX 0 S IX 06 31 PX 04 PX 05 IX 08 09 IX IX 07 AX 34 PX 10 PX IX 10 AX 07 AX 4 AX 10 PX 37 PX 40 PX 4 AX 03 AX 18 AX 25 IX 28 PX 36 AX 22 Note : AX 08 is Under sampled in FRX Mode 41 of 51 UOT XBT lines now occupied 910 VOS reporting at least 25 obs/month

Establishing GCOS Climate the GCOS Reference subset Network of GLOSS Climate of Tide. Reference Gauge Stations GEO-located By the end of 2007 most of the 170 Climate Reference Tide Gauge Stations Will Provide Marine Hazards Warning in Real Time

ITF and MOVE in transition to NOAA Contributions Future NOAA Future NSF OOI Deploying and maintaining 89 Ocean Reference Stations (42 now in service)

Measuring Ocean Carbon Sources and Sinks 1. Inventory 10 -year survey 2. Ships of opportunity 3. Moored buoy time series 38% complete

Integrating tsunami buoys into GOOS (JCOMM DBCP and Ocean. SITES) Chilean Tsunami Buoy being deployed during a U. S. Climate mission Met sensors installed by USA (WHOI) on the Chilean tsunami buoy in October 2006 Sites where Tsunami and Climate plans overlap -- potential for coordination Sites where Climate missions already deploy tsunami buoys routinely

Satellite System Status • Mostly status quo ante last year in terms of data available • GHRSST products available • CEOS response to GCOS IP has raised visibility of mission continuity issues • IGOS-P merger into GEO • Bigger role for China and India ahead?

“KNOWN” FUTURE ALTIMETRY MISSIONS In orbit 00 End of life 01 02 Approved 03 Planned/Pending approval 04 05 06 07 GFO 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 IPY ERS-2/RA ERS-1 ENVISAT/RA-2 Data gap Sentinel-3 SARAL TOPEX/Poseidon Jason-1 Data gap? CNES/EUMETSAT/NASA/NOAA signed Letter of Agreement for Jason-2 GODAE Jason-2 CRYOSAT-2 Jason-3? Data gap?

Ocean Satellite Status Summary NOTE: Needs to have Surface Vector Winds added

Summarizing Uncertainties Recent Examples: • Upper Ocean Heat Content • Atlantic MOC • September Arctic Sea Ice Extent

Vecchi 2006 (pers. Communication)

K-7 o. N Max. MOC 25 Bryden et al. (2005) ECMWF

NIC’s Sea Ice Climatology Courtesy Florence Fetterer, NSIDC in 1996/1997 , NIC Transitioned to digital imagery (OLS/AVHRR) and digital analysis in GIS format Started using SAR data in tactically significant areas Now, NIC uses Quicksat to compensate for deficiencies in SSM/I

Sept. Arctic Sea Ice Extent C. C. Bitz, U. Wa. Personal Communication 2007