Objectives To understand the criminal use of computer

Objectives • To understand the criminal use of computer systems including: • Unauthorised access and modification of materials • Creation and spreading of malware

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Starter • Which do you think are the top three countries for cyber attacks?

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Where attacks come from

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Unauthorised access • Unauthorised access is where a person gains access to a computer system without permission • This could be a hacker who gains permission to a system they shouldn’t be using • It may also be an employee who has permission to use some of a system, but gains access to another part • Hackers try to find weaknesses in a computer system • They will often gain access with one user account and then try to alter the permissions to get root or admin access

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Unauthorised modification • Unauthorised modification includes: • Deleting other user’s files • Changing the content of documents • Altering the content of web pages or databases • Rewriting computer programs to remove activation keys • What is one other unauthorised modification that can be made?

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Case study: Kevin Mitnick • In 1992, Kevin Mitnick was the most wanted hacker in the USA • He used many hacking techniques to gain unauthorised access to computers, systems and files • He spent five years in prison for his crimes • Kevin now works as a computer security consultant

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Worksheet 6 • Now complete Task 1 and Task 2 on Worksheet 4

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems What is malware? • Malware is malicious software • It will do something harmful such as: • Deleting files • Slowing the computer • Sending spam • Malware includes: • Viruses and worms • Botnets and rootkits • What are two other types of malware?

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems App malware • Malware can infect all types of computer including: • PCs or Macs • Portable devices such as tablets or smartphones • Internet of Things (Io. T) devices such as doorbells or video cameras • Millions of new malware produced as smartphone apps each year • Give two problems that smartphone malware create

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Case study: Skygofree • Malware details: • Created in 2015, but discovered in 2018 • Downloaded from malicious websites • Targets Android devices • Skygofree contains spyware that: • Captures photos and video • Records audio • Reads Whats. App messages • Reads geolocation data

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Creation of malware • Malware is created in the same way as normal computer programs • A hacker will write programming code which exploits weaknesses in computer systems, networks or software • They will then use a number of methods to get users or their computers to run the code • There are tools that allow hackers to create malware without knowing how to program • What are the dangers of using these?

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Spreading of malware • Human viruses are spread by: • Coughing and sneezing • Touching or shaking hands • Touching food with dirty hands • How are computer viruses and malware spread?

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Spreading of malware • How do computer viruses and malware spread? • A number of methods can be used • Email attachments containing malware • Clicking on web page links that download malicious software • Removable media which auto-runs or the user runs the malware • Trojans – a useful item of software which is run also contains malware

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Malware spreading – USB stick • How can a company prevent this attack?

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Malware spreading – email • How can users reduce the chance of this working?

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Malware spreading – download • Give three examples of malicious activity

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Worksheet 6 • Now complete Task 3 on Worksheet 4

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Law • The Computer Misuse Act (1990) makes it illegal to: • Gain unauthorised access to a computer system • Make unauthorised modifications to software or data • Spread malware • The Police and Justice Act (2006) makes it illegal to: • Create malware or items that may be used in computer misuse • Committing these crimes can result in up to 10 years in prison and a fine

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Worksheet 6 • Now complete Task 4 on Worksheet 4

Criminal use Learning Aim C The wider implications of digital systems Plenary • Lucy and Abdi are shopping online for birthday presents • They are looking at websites which offer gifts from overseas • One of these sites offers a link to an app which will allow them to see their gift’s journey from the USA to the UK • Lucy wants to download the app, but Abdi thinks it is a bad idea • Why does Abdi have concerns?

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