OBJECTIVES After studying Chapter 4 the reader will
OBJECTIVES After studying Chapter 4, the reader will be able to: 1. Access global OBD II on a scan tool. 2. Identify mode $06 jobs. 3. Describe how mode $06 can be used to identify a problem. 4. Explain how to convert raw numbers to usable data. Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
WHAT IS GLOBAL OBD II? • Global OBD II, also called generic OBD II, is the standardized format of on-board diagnostics, following SAE standard J 1962. – Global OBD II was designed for engineers: when OBD II was first introduced, it was not intended to be used by service technicians. • Purposes and Functions Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
GLOBAL OBD II MODES • All OBD-II vehicles must be able to display data on a global (generic) scan tool under nine different modes of operation. • These modes include: – Modes 1 -9 • Hexadecimal Numbers – Generic (global) data is used by most state emission programs. – Generic OBD-II displays often use hexadecimal numbers, which use 16 numbers instead of 10. Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
DIAGNOSING PROBLEMS USING MODE $06 • Mode $06 information can be used to diagnose faults by following three steps: – Check the monitor status before starting repairs. This step will show the system failed. – Look at the component or parameter that triggered the fault. This step will help pin down the root cause of the failure. – Look to the monitor enable criteria, which will show what it takes to fail or pass the monitor. Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
ACCESSING GLOBAL OBD II • Global (generic) OBD II is used by inspectors where emission testing is performed. – – – Snap-On 2500 Snap-On Solus Snap-On Modis OTC Genisys Master Tech FIGURE 4 -1 The global OBD-II cartridge is needed to access generic OBD data. Follow the displayed message for the specified personality keys. Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
ACCESSING GLOBAL OBD II FIGURE 4 -2 A photo of a Master Tech display, showing where to select global OBD II from the menu. Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
MODE $06 • Mode $06 is used by service technicians to monitor the PCM test results of various systems. – While other modes are used for monitoring other functions, mode $06 is used to maintain all continuous and noncontinuous monitors and pending DTCs. • Using Mode $06 – See test results that are close to failing – Verify a repair • Reading Mode $06 Data Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
MODE $06 • Select Monitor – The first step is to select the monitor (fuel trim, misfire, catalyst, etc. ) – There could be three results: • Incomplete. • Pass. • Fail. • Data Display Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
OXYGEN SENSOR HEATER MODE $06 TEST (GENERAL MOTORS) • This fault can set a P 0141 DTC for bank 1, sensor 1 (B 1 S 1). • Checking service information indicates the following enable criteria for the code to set: – Cold engine start – Engine at idle speed – Engine operating temperature below 150°F (66°C) Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
OXYGEN SENSOR HEATER MODE $06 TEST (GENERAL MOTORS) • The following monitors are suspended: – EVAP – Oxygen sensor performance – Catalyst • Mode $06 data for B 1 S 1 heater circuit in TID-06, CID-41: – – The maximum limit— 186 Measure value = 33 Minimum limit = ----Result = passed Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
ENGINE MISFIRE TESTS (FORD) • A misfire fault can set a random misfire DTC of P 0300 or one or more individual misfire DTCs P 0301 through P 0310 for cylinders one through 10. • The enable criteria for these codes to set include: – – Time since engine start 5 seconds Engine coolant temperature 20°F(7°C)to 250°F (121°C) RPM range from idle to redline or fuel cutoff Fuel level 15% minimum Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FORD OXYGEN SENSOR MODE $06 TEST • Ford and other companies have many tests performed on the oxygen sensor, including voltage amplitude. • For example, Ford TID $01, CID $21 for HO 2 S 1 shows: – Minimum value = 512 – Maximum value = N/A – Current value = 794 Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
GENERAL MOTORS CAN OXYGEN SENSOR MODE $06 TEST • One of the oxygen sensor tests performed on a General Motors vehicle equipped with CAN (GMCAN) is the rich-to-lean sensor switch time. • Typical test results show: – – – Monitor ID (MID) $01 Test ID $05 Maximum limit = 0. 155 sec. Measured value = 0. 030 sec. Minimum value = 0. 000 sec. Result = passed Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FORD EGR TESTS • Ford checks many functions of the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system, including flow testing and tests of the sensor used to check the flow of exhaust gases. • The duty cycle of the EGR solenoid can be checked using mode $06 by looking at the following: – – – TID $4 B CID $30 Maximum limit = 26, 214 Measured value =14, 358 Minimum value =----Test results = passed Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
FORD EGR TESTS Ford Delta Pressure for EGR Flow. Test • In this test, the following occurred on a test vehicle: – – – TID 4 A CID 30 Maximum limit = Measured value = 2, 226 Minimum limit = 768 Result = passed Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
GENERAL MOTORS CATALYST EFFICIENCY TEST • The scan tool displays data that does not need to be converted, although the units are often unknown. • The service technician can, however, see how close the test results come to either the maximum or the minimum limits. • For example, a General Motors idle catalyst efficiency test could have the results following: – – – TID 0 C CID 60 Maximum limit = 33, 234 Measured value =17, 708 Minimum limit = ----Result = passed Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
GENERAL MOTORS EVAP TEST (CAN) • One of the evaporative (EVAP) system tests that can be monitored using a scan tool and mode $06 data is the engine off, natural vacuum test. • An example of a typical result includes: – – – MID EVAP – 0. 020 TID 201 Minimum value = 0. 000 Maximum value = 0. 601 Current value = 0. 023 Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
WHERE TO GET MODE $06 INFORMATION • Many scan tools display all of the parameters and information needed so that additional mode $06 data is not needed. • Many vehicle manufacturers post mode $06 information on the service information websites. • This information is often free, unlike other service information. Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
SUMMARY 1. Global OBD II can be used by a service technician to do the following: – – – Check the PCM regarding what it has detected as a fault Verify a repair Check if the test results are close to failure, which could trigger the MIL 2. Global OBD II has nine modes, each covering a certain aspect of the diagnostic system. 3. Mode $06 is the most commonly used mode of global OBD II because it includes data on the noncontinuous monitored system. 4. Most aftermarket scan tools and some original equipment scan tools can access global OBD II data. 5. Many Ford mode $06 data requires that the displayed number be converted to show usable values. Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
REVIEW QUETSIONS 1. What are the nine modes of global (generic) OBD II? 2. How do hexadecimal numbers differ from base 10 numbers? 3. Why does some mode $06 data need to be translated into plain English? 4. Where can mode $06 data information be obtained? Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 1. What is global (generic) OBD II? a) b) c) d) A standardized format that meets SAE standard J 1962 A format originally designed for engineers The same for all numbers and models of vehicles All of the above Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 1. What is global (generic) OBD II? a) b) c) d) A standardized format that meets SAE standard J 1962 A format originally designed for engineers The same for all numbers and models of vehicles All of the above Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 2. Mode $06 can be used to verify a repair by checking _____. a) b) c) d) The component system test passed DTCs Sensor values A captured freeze-frame Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 2. Mode $06 can be used to verify a repair by checking _____. a) b) c) d) The component system test passed DTCs Sensor values A captured freeze-frame Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 3. Mode $06 is the mode that checks which systems? a) b) c) d) Oxygen sensors Continuously monitored systems Noncontinuously monitored systems Current powertrain data (PIDs) Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 3. Mode $06 is the mode that checks which systems? a) b) c) d) Oxygen sensors Continuously monitored systems Noncontinuously monitored systems Current powertrain data (PIDs) Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 4. The hexadecimal number for 12 is _____. a) b) c) d) 12 $A $B $C Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 4. The hexadecimal number for 12 is _____. a) b) c) d) 12 $A $B $C Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 5. Technician A says that by looking at the mode $06 data, the technician can determine how close a component or system came to passing the onboard test. Technician B says that the data shown may have to be converted to obtain values that are meaningful to the technician. Which technician is correct? a) b) c) d) Technician A only Technician B only Both Technicians A and B Neither Technician A nor B Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 5. Technician A says that by looking at the mode $06 data, the technician can determine how close a component or system came to passing the onboard test. Technician B says that the data shown may have to be converted to obtain values that are meaningful to the technician. Which technician is correct? a) b) c) d) Technician A only Technician B only Both Technicians A and B Neither Technician A nor B Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 6. The data display usually shows what information? a) b) c) d) Upper limit and lower limit Upper limit or lower limit Test results Both b and c Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 6. The data display usually shows what information? a) b) c) d) Upper limit and lower limit Upper limit or lower limit Test results Both b and c Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 7. An oxygen sensor switch time from rich to lean is identified as test identification (TID) _____. a) b) c) d) $05 $0 A $02 $09 Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 7. An oxygen sensor switch time from rich to lean is identified as test identification (TID) _____. a) b) c) d) $05 $0 A $02 $09 Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 8. Type A misfire codes are those that can damage the catalytic converter and usually have misfires that range from _____ at idle to _____ at high engine speeds. a) b) c) d) 10%, 20% 40%, 4% 25%, 25% 2%, 4% Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 8. Type A misfire codes are those that can damage the catalytic converter and usually have misfires that range from _____ at idle to _____ at high engine speeds. a) b) c) d) 10%, 20% 40%, 4% 25%, 25% 2%, 4% Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 9. A General Motors vehicle is being checked using mode $06 for the properation of the oxygen sensor. The rich-to-lean sensor switch time is 0. 030 seconds. Technician A says that this indicates a slow reacting oxygen sensor. Technician B says that the oxygen sensor is reacting correctly and is okay. Which technician is correct? a) b) c) d) Technician A only Technician B only Both Technicians A and B Neither Technician A nor B Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 9. A General Motors vehicle is being checked using mode $06 for the properation of the oxygen sensor. The rich-to-lean sensor switch time is 0. 030 seconds. Technician A says that this indicates a slow reacting oxygen sensor. Technician B says that the oxygen sensor is reacting correctly and is okay. Which technician is correct? a) b) c) d) Technician A only Technician B only Both Technicians A and B Neither Technician A nor B Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 10. Mode $06 information can be accessed at _____. a) b) c) d) http: //service. gm. com www. motorcraftservice. com www. nastf. org All of the above Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
CHAPTER QUIZ 10. Mode $06 information can be accessed at _____. a) b) c) d) http: //service. gm. com www. motorcraftservice. com www. nastf. org All of the above Advanced Engine Performance Diagnosis, 4/e By James D. Halderman © 2009 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
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