Objective To examine the advantages disadvantages and strategies

Objective: To examine the advantages, disadvantages, and strategies of both the Union and the Confederacy. Do Now: Use the information below to write a 5 sentence paragraph, with at least 3 pieces of evidence, answering the following question: • Who had the advantage at the start of the Civil War, the Union or the Confederacy?

v v v 24 states (including WV) 22, 000 population Industrial economy Majority of transportation Lincoln, a military novice. – v Asks Robert E. Lee to command Union troops, but Lee declines (from Virginia) Believe war is about preserving the Union & ending slavery (after EP) v v 11 states 9, 000 – includes over 3 million slaves v Agricultural economy – Exports (not food) Limited manufacturing and railroad lines. v Davis, military experience. v – v Better military leaders Believe war is about independence (states’ rights) & preserving their war of life (slave labor). “The North’s major advantage would be its economy and the South’s main disadvantage was its economy”

Rating the North & South

Resources: North & South

Union Advantage • large population of 22 million Confederate Disadvantage • small population of 9 million, of which 1/3 were slaves

Railroad Lines, 1860 Union Advantage • excellent railroad system for transporting troops & supplies Confederate Disadvantage • poor railroad system

Audio Excerpt: Union and Confederate Advantages • fought a defensive war at home (knew terrain & support of local population) • defending their homeland (inspired to protect property) http: //www. y outube. com/ watch? v=S w. Fnv. E 2 Tov k&feature=p layer_embe dded Union & Confederate Strengths Disadvantages (2: 40) Union • The South was a huge area to conquer. • The North invaded unfamiliar territory.

Overview of Northern Advantages • Larger population – North 22 million – South Only 9 million • • • Wealth produced: – Factory production More ships (naval blockade) – Textile goods Larger, more efficient railroad system (move troops & supplies) – Iron & Coal Lincoln - intelligent & dedicated – Farm acreage More industry - 81% of nation’s – Draft animals/Livestock factories – Wheat & Corn Better banking system to raise $ for the war (75% of wealth)

Overview of Southern Advantages • Fighting a defensive war – local support – familiarity with terrain – didn’t have to “win” • Motivation: seeking independence, defending homes & property • Short communication lines/ friendly population • Experienced officer corps (R. E. Lee, Jackson, Pickett) • Cotton - necessary for textile factories of England France (although northern blockade made this useless) Disadvantages • Smaller population • Few factories to manufacture weapons and supplies • Poor transportation system • Weak federal government = not strong enough to control Southern states – Jefferson Davis did not have complete power like Lincoln

Strategies for Victory Union’s Anaconda Plan: · blockade Southern ports · seize control of the Mississippi River · capture the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia

Overview North’s Civil War Strategy: “Anaconda” Plan Goal: Surround the Confederacy & squeeze them into submission

The Anaconda Plan • Capture Richmond and force surrender • Expel Confederates from border states • Control of the Mississippi River to Stop the transport of: – – – soldiers Weapons Ammunition Clothes Food other supplies needed • Blockade southern ports to stop – cotton shipments – supplies from foreign nations

George Mc. Clellan Abe Lincoln Ulysses Grant David Farragaut George Meade Joseph Hooker William T. Sherman George A. Custer

Confederate plans: · To stay at home and fight a defensive war. · South believed North would quickly tire of fighting & give up. · The South counted on European money and supplies.

Southern Strategy • Goal: to be recognized as an independent nation in order to preserve their way of life • Defend its homeland, holding onto as much territory as possible until the North got tired of fighting • Capture Washington, D. C. • Control border states • Gain England's support • Expel Union troops from South

Stonewall Jackson Jefferson Davis Robert E. Lee Pierre T. Beauregard James Longstreet Jeb Stuart George Pickett