Objective 6 02 part 1 Recognize components of

Objective 6. 02 part 1: Recognize components of construction

Footing and Foundation 1. Begin on page 197 “The Foundation”. 2. Label each part of the diagram. 3. Color each part a different color. 4. On the back of the page describe the purpose of each part.

The Foundation 1. Anchor bolts 2. Sill sealer 4. Sill plate 5. Foundation wall 6. Footing 3. Rebar

The FOUNDATION of a House • The underlying base of the house • The foundation consists of footings and foundation walls • The footings are usually concrete and reinforced with rebar.

Concrete Footings

Footers

3 Foundation Types Basement Crawl Space Slab

Basement • Great addition to a house if house is built on land with a steep grade • Makes getting to the mechanics of the house easy • Great for additional living space if finished or for storage • Safest place in house in case of a storm.

Basement

Finished Basement

Crawl Space • Great for land with small grade • Can be used for storage • Makes pipes and wiring under the house easy to get to.

Crawl Space

Slab • If the land is “on grade” (almost flat) then the most economical foundation to build is a slab foundation • There is no space under the house like in a basement or crawlspace.

Slab

Floor and Wall Frame 1. Begin on page 198 “The Frame” 2. Label each part of the diagram. 3. Color each part a different color. 4. On the back of the page describe the purpose of each part.

The Frame 1. Double top plate 2. Stud 8. Header 3. Header 4. Window opening 5. Rim Joist 9. Door opening 14. Sole Plate 15. Sub floor 6. Floor Joist 7. Girder 10. Header joist 11. Sill plate 12. Sill sealer 13. Foundation

The FRAME of a House • The skeleton (bones) of the house • Built on top of the foundation walls.

Sill Plates: The first piece of lumber, bolted to the foundation, and supports the outside walls.

Joist: horizontal support for the flooring

Girder: Horizontal board that supports the load of the floor joists

Subflooring: Plywood sheets nailed directly to the floor joist • Squeaky floors are usually a sign of problems with the subflooring.

Wall Frame • Built on top of the floor frame • Made from vertical 2 x 4’s or 2 x 6’s called STUDS and horizontal pieces called PLATES.

Headers: beams that carry the load of the structure over doors and windows.

Roof Frame 1. Begin on page 200 “Roof Frame”. 2. Label each part of the diagram. 3. Color each part a different color. 4. On the back of the page describe the purpose of each part.

3. Ridge Board 4. Rafter 5. Ceiling Joist 1. Double top plate 2. Studs

Roof Frame • Made of a series of beams, called RAFTERS • RAFTERS support the weight of the roof and go from the exterior walls to the ridge.

TRUSS RAFTERS: triangular framework for the roof; assembled at a factory and delivered to the site.

Truss delivery

Truss installation

How to Build a House in 7 1/2 Minutes

Footings Foundations Wall Frames Roof Frames