Object Clauses M 3 U 3 Grammar I

Object Clauses 宾语从句 M 3 U 3 Grammar

什么是宾语？ • • I know him. Do you have the time? I think (that) she is beautiful. Why don’t you pay attention to me? 宾语 位于谓语动词或者介词后

由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句 注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不 能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略 e. g. he will be back in an hour 1. I hear (that) ____________. he missed us very much 2. He said (that) ___________. the earth moves 3. The teacher told us (that) ________ around the sun ________.

that——不能省略的2种情况 （1）当that作介词except, in 宾语时 • They believe in that she must still be single. • I know nothing about him except that he is living in Beijing. （2）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时 （ it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等 后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾） • I think it necessary that you should read English aloud. • We heard it that she would get married next month.

由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句 if/ whether “是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。 常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。 I want to know ____________ if (whether) he will go to the park with us ________. whether (if) he can come. 2. Ask him _____________ whether it is going to rain or not 3. I wonder ______________. 4. Could you tell me____________? whether(if) Mr Li lives here

只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况 1. 在介词后面： • I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing. • We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow. 2. 在动词不定式前(whether to do sth. ) ： • They asked me whether to go skating.

3. 当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时: • I don’t know whether he’s free or not. • Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. • Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room. 4. 宾语从句提前时： • Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.

Practice time if / whether she had a bike. 1. I asked her _____ whether he is safe. 2. We’re worried about ____ whether /if he is well. 3. I wonder ______ whether or not he is well. 4. I don’t know ____ whether to go. 5. I don’t know _______

由连接代词 Who, whom, whose, which, what 和连接副词 where, how, why, when引导的宾从 代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任 句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。 who could answer the question 1. He asked _______________. whom they are waiting for 2. Do you know_____________? 3. He asked________________. whose bike was the best in the class 4. Do you know _____________? when we’ll have a meeting 5. Please tell me _______. where he is how I can get to the station 6. Can you tell me ____________? why the train is late 7. Could you tell me ___________?

主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分） 1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library. His brother asks when will he go to the library. 2. What did he want to buy ? I don’t know what did he want to buy. I don’t know what he wanted to buy.

注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及what, who作主语时，语序不变： What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? What happened? eg: I don’t know what’s the matter. 做主语 Can you tell me who is over there? Can you tell me who he is ? 做宾语

三、时态 1. 主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态， 根据实际情况而定。 v. I know he lives here. v. I know he lived here ten years ago. v. I have heard that he will come tomorrow.

2. 如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时）， 从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 （一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时） v. I knew who lived here. v. I saw she was talking with her mother. v. He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. v. He said that he had seen it.

3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时， 仍用一般现在时。 • Dad told us that it is better to do than to say. • He told the boy that three and three is six. • He told me the earth moves around the sun. 4. 从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生 在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。 • The teacher told me she was born in 1960. • I heard that he went to Paris last night.

will be cloudy tomorrow. 1. The radio says it _______ (be) goes 2. The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go) have returned 3. I hear they _____ (return) it already. had been members of the 4. He said that they _____ Party since 1948. (be) rises 5. Our teacher told us in class the sun _______ in the east. (rise)

Practice 1. The young man asked _____ D it's summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether A they did it. 2. We don't know ______ A. how B. who C. what D. which B Jim can come back on 3. The teacher asks us ____ time. A. that B. if C. when D. what time C we will have a sports 4. Does anybody know ______ meeting this weekend or not. A. if B. where C. whether D. that

D ? 5. Could you show me ____ A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station C 6. Please tell me _______. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like B. 7. My sister told him ____ A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live

8. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _______ D. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 9. Could you tell me how long _____ ? B A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 10. He says that if it _______ C tomorrow , he _______ fishing. A. will rain , won't go B. rained , wasn't go C. rains , won't go D. rain , will go

将下列句子合并为一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked where they stopped on the way. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting? 3. Do they like to go skiing? He asked if they liked to go skiing. 4. He is doing his homework. He said that he was doing his homework. 5. He will come back. Tom said that he would come back.

6. Is she doing her homework? Jim asked if she was doing her homework. 7. When will he come back? Tom asked when he would come back. 8. How can I get to the station? Could you tell me how I can get to the station? 9. Why is the train late? Would you tell me why the train is late? They asked where Tom was.