o Maximize learning opportunities o Minimize perceptual mismatches

o 最大化学习机会(Maximize learning opportunities) o 最小化感知失配(Minimize perceptual mismatches) o 促进协商式互动(Facilitate negotiated interaction) o 提高学生自主性(Promote learner autonomy) o 培养语言意识(Foster language awareness) o 激活直觉启发(Activate intuitive heuristics) o 情境化语言输入(Contextualize linguistic input) o 综合语言技能(Integrate language skills) o 确保社会关联性(Ensure social relevance) o 提升文化意识(Raise cultural consciousness)

o University of Oxford: Modern Languages and Linguistics Course outline: General Linguistics, Phonetics and Phonology, Grammatical Analysis, Syntax, Semantics, Sociolinguistics, Psycholinguistics

o University of Cambridge: Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, Pragmatics, Historical Linguistics, History of Ideas on Language, History of English, Language Acquisition, Psycholinguistics, Cognitive Speech Processing, Typology, Linguistic Theory

o Lancaster University: Language Description, Introduction to General Linguistics, Linguistic Fieldwork and Analysis; Language Description, Introduction to Language in Society, The Structures of Language, English Sounds and Structures, Discourse Analysis: Looking at Language in Use, Language Acquisition and Language Origins, Language and Education, Stylistics, Topics in Linguistic Theory, Corpus-based English Language Studies, Language and Identities: Gender, Ethnicity and Class, Language Change in English and Beyond, English Language in the Media dissertation, Linguistic Methodology,

o The University of Edinburgh: Phonology and Phonetics, Syntactic Theory and English Syntax, First Language Acquisition, Lexical Semantics, Sociolinguistics, Historical Linguistics, Second Language Acquisition, Origins and Evolution of Language, Speech Processing, Statistics and Experimental Design, Advanced Topics in Phonetics. Psycholinguistics, Simulating Language, Speech Synthesis, Discourse Analysis, Pragmatics, Linguistic Reconstruction and Language Classification, Bilingualism, Current Issues in Syntax, Linguistics Fieldwork and Language Description, Optimality Theory, Language, Politics and Identity,

Harvard University: Experimental Methods, The History of Linguistics, Linguistics Relativity, Ergativity, Acoustic Analysis, The Structure of East Asian Language, The Existential Construction, Number Marking, From GB to MP, Plurality, The Semantics of Questions, Diachronic Syntax, Comparatives, Language Rights, Comparative Syntax, The Science of Language, Intermediate Indo-European, Phonological Theory, Tense and Aspect, Syntactic Theory, Knowledge of Meaning, Sentence Structure, Semantic Theory, Historical and Comparative Linguistics

o Stanford University Introduction to Linguistics, Investigations in Acoustic Phonetics, Translation, Teaching Spoken English, Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology, Introduction to Syntax, Crosslinguistic Syntax, Introduction to Semantics and Pragmatics, Logic Laboratory, Language Acquisition I, Language and Gesture, Introduction to Cognitive and Information Sciences, Language in Society, Language and Gender, Sociophonetics, Introduction to Language Change, Languages of the World, From Languages to Information, Natural Language Understanding, Seminar in Syntax: Phonology/Syntax Interface, Construction Grammar, Corpus Methods in Syntax/Phonology, Topics in Sociolinguistics: Language Attitudes, Analysis of Variation, Seminar in Sociolinguistics: California Dialectology, Sociolinguistic Theory and Analysis, Language Processing, Language Acquisition II, Seminar in Semantics: Context Dependence in Language and Communication, Seminar in Lexical Semantics: Aspect, Lexical Semantics,

o University of Chicago Introduction to Linguistics, Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology, Introduction to Syntax, Introduction to Semantics and Pragmatics, Language and Communication, Morphology, Historical Linguistics, Languages of the World, Linguistic Typology, Introduction to Slavic Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, Sign Languages Linguistics, Computational Linguistics, Reading and Research Course, BA Paper Preparation Course

o University of California- Berkeley: Introduction to Linguistic Science, Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology, Morphology and Phonology, Introduction to Syntax and Semantics, Comparative and Historical Linguistics, Phonetics and Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, Historical Linguistics, Pragmatics, Sociolinguistics. Anthropological Linguistics, Language and the Natural Sciences (neurolinguistics, language evolution)

o University of Southern California Bachelor of Arts in Linguistics Introduction to Linguistics， Introduction to Phonetics and Phonology， Introduction to Syntax and –Semantics， Languages of the World， Advanced Phonology， Advanced Syntax， Advanced Semantics， Child Language Acquisition， Atypical Language， Psycholinguistics， Second Language Acquisition， Phonetics， Language Contact and Language Acquisition， Word and Phrase Origins， Field Methodology