Nutrition Needs Six Essential Nutrients 1 Water 4

Nutrition Needs Six Essential Nutrients 1. Water 4. Protein 2. Carbohydrates 5. Minerals 3. Fats 6. Vitamins Model Agricultural Core Curriculum: Supplement University of California, Davis 261. T 1

Nutrition Needs Water (H 2 O) • Controls body temperature. • Enables living plants and animals to hold their shape. • Involves the transport of nutrients at the cell level through osmosis and diffusion. • Helps digest feeds. • Carries waste-products resulting from body functions. • Major part of all body fluids. Model Agricultural Core Curriculum: Supplement University of California, Davis 261. T 2

Nutrition Needs Carbohydrates (C 6 H 12 O 6) • Furnishes energy for: A. body functions B. growth and fattening C. reproduction • The largest part of an animal’s food supply (usually the roughage in the diet). • Includes sugars, starchs, and cellulose. • Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Model Agricultural Core Curriculum: Supplement University of California, Davis 261. T 3

Nutrition Needs Fats • Furnishes a concentrated source of energy. (2. 25 times as much energy as C 6 H 12 O. ) • Forms cholesterol, steroids, and other body compounds. • Found in every cell in the body. • Skin and hair conditions are affected when fat is absent from the diet. • Provides: Energy reserves Protection for vital organs Insulation for the body • Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Model Agricultural Core Curriculum: Supplement University of California, Davis 261. T 4

Nutrition Needs Proteins • Needed for growth and repair of the body. • Helps form the greater part of: A. muscles and internal organs. B. skin, hair, wool, and feathers. C. hoofs and horns. • Contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Model Agricultural Core Curriculum: Supplement University of California, Davis 261. T 5

Nutrition Needs Minerals • Potassium, phosphorous, and calcium are necessary for healthy bones. • Salt (Na. Cl) is important in most body functions (i. e. appearance, growth, appetite). • Iron is required for healthy blood and skin. • Most other minerals are essential, but are required in smaller amounts. Model Agricultural Core Curriculum: Supplement University of California, Davis 261. T 6

Nutrition Needs Vitamins • • • Needed in minute amounts. Essential for life and health. Catalyst for body processes. Promotes growth and reproduction. Contributes to the general health of the animal. Model Agricultural Core Curriculum: Supplement University of California, Davis 261. T 7