NUTRITION LIST THE 6 CLASSES OF NUTRIENTS Carbohydrates

NUTRITION

LIST THE 6 CLASSES OF NUTRIENTS • Carbohydrates • Fats • Protein • Vitamins • Minerals • Water

HOW DOES EATING A BALANCED DIET TODAY EFFECT HOW YOU FEEL IN THE FUTURE? n a c s n e e t r u o y , g y t n i i r s u e d b t o a g e n i u p o o l y e t s v i a s e h o d r W f o o p k o s e i t r s r o u , o s y e t t c e r e b u a o i aff y d , n i e s e r a a e s u i o d y n e h heart w r. e s c ’ n 0 a 5 c r o s ’ and 0 4 , 30’s All of these diseases can be affected by your diet.

WHICH 3 NUTRIENTS GIVE US ENERGY? Carbohydrates Fats Protein How do we know they give us energy? THEY have CALORIES!

WHAT ARE CALORIES? Calories are how we measure how much energy a food has. How many do each of the following nutrients have per gram? • Carbohydrates = 4 calories per gram • Protein = 4 calories per gram • Fats = 9 calories per gram

WHAT ARE “EMPTY” CALORIES? A measurement of the energy present in highenergy foods with poor nutritional value.

WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF CARBOHYDRATES Complex Carbohydrates = Starches Ex: Bread, pasta, rice Simple Carbohydrates = Sugars Ex: chocolate, candy

IF CARBOHYDRATES ARE NOT USED FOR ENERGY, WHAT HAPPENS TO THEM? Carbohydrates are the first calories burned for energy. If they are not used they are stored in your body as fat.

WHY IS FIBER SO IMPORTANT IN KEEPING US HEALTHY? • Fiber keeps your intestines healthy • Prevents constipation • May help prevent colon cancer and heart disease • Increases the amount of fluid in your digestive system.

FATS ARE ALSO DIVIDED INTO 2 GROUPS, NAME THEM AND AN EXAMPLE OF EACH. Saturated Fats: fats that are solid at room temperature. ex: lard (crisco), butter Unsaturated Fats: fats that are liquid at room temperature. ex: cooking oils

WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL? • Fatty like substance made by the body. Cholesterol combines with molecules to circulate in the blood. What does it do in our bodies? It is needed to make Vit. D, cell membranes & certain hormones.

HDL is the GOOD cholesterol. LDL is the BAD cholesterol

What can happen if we have too much cholesterol in our body? Higher Risk of High Blood Pressure, Heart attack, Stroke, and Heart Disease.

HOW IS PROTEIN USED IN OUR BODY? PROTEINS: • It helps the body build new cells and repair existing ones. It helps with muscle development. • It is burned for energy after the Carbohydrates are gone.

WHAT IS PROTEIN MADE UP OF? AMINO ACIDS • There are 20 different types of amino acids but only 9 essential ones.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COMPLETE PROTEINS & INCOMPLETE PROTEINS? e t e l p m o n i C a t n o c s n i e t o pr the 9 ino m a l a i t n e ess s d i c a Incomplete proteins do not contain all the essential amino acids

WHAT ARE THE 2 CLASSES OF VITAMINS? WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE? #1 FAT SOLUBLE Dissolve in fat and can be stored in the body.

WATER SOLUBLE #2 Dissolve in water and are not stored in the body. The body uses what it needs then gets rid of the rest.

WHAT IS NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY? y e i r t u N c n e i c i f e D t n s e o d y d o b r u o n e h w e s h r t u f c o oc h g u o n e e v a o t d not h e d e e n s t n e i r t. 6 nu y l r e p o r p n functio Without enough nutrients certain body functions may not function properly and could weaken certain organs.

WHAT DO MINERALS DO FOR OUR BODY?

WHAT PERCENT OF YOUR Why is BODY IS WATER? it so import ant for our body? Water is needed for every s i y d o b Ou r % 0 6 f o p u e d a m. r e t wa body function, without the proper amount of water certain body functions may not perform as they should.

HOW MUCH WATER SHOULD YOU HAVE A DAY? t h g i e t s a e l t A s e s s a l g 8 oz ! y a d h c a e r e t a w of

WHAT IS DEHYDRATION AND HOW CAN IT BE DANGEROUS? • Dehydration occurs when the body does not have enough water. • Dehydration can interfere with both mental and physical performance. • Early symptoms might be fatigue, loss of appetite, dry eyes. • Dehydration could lead to death. It’s important to drink more water than you lose!

WHAT MAKES A FOOD “JUNK FOOD”? IS ALL “JUNK FOOD” BAD FOR US? d o o f a s e k a m k t n a u h j r W o y h t l w a o e h h n o s d n e dep many Junk food is only a s e d i v o r problem p t i s t n e o i t r t e u v n if it makes up a i t t i a l s re e i r lo a large c y n a m. s w n i o a h t part of your diet. n o c

g n i k c a n Is s bad? ? ? Snacking isn’t bad if done r If done r ight is ca n increas your nut e rient inta ke and h you main elp tain a he althy we ight. Eating smaller amounts of food (with nutritional value) throughout the day vs 3 large meals a day can actually be better for your metabolism.

HOW DO OUR DIETARY NEEDS CHANGE AS WE GET OLDER? More Nutrients Needed during childhood and teens because growing As you get older you have to watch yo ur intake of The more active you calories because y our metabolism slows down are the more calories you. need.

WHY DO PREGNANT WOMEN NEED MORE ENERGY AND PROTEIN THAN NONPREGNANT WOMEN? To help meet energy needs, expectant mothers need about 450 additional calories. More p rotein, vitamin & mine s rals are needed t o aid in t he dev elopme nt of the b aby.

WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE VEGETARIAN? Limits their diets to few or no animal products, usually no meat except seafood. Vegan? A vegetarian who does not eat any animal products.

What is a big dietary concern for vegetarians & vegans? t e g t o n y a m y e h T n i e t o r p h g u eno t a e m t u o h t i w. t e i d r i in the