Nutrients substances that your body needs to grow
Nutrients substances that your body needs to grow, to repair itself and to supply you with energy Classified into 6 groups: n Carbohydrates n Proteins n Fats n Vitamins n Minerals n Water
Carbohydrates n n The starches and sugars present in foods Body’s main source of energy Simple – sugars Complex – starches ¡ Fiber
Proteins n n Nutrients that help build and maintain body cells and tissues Made of long chains of amino acids Used to make enzymes, hormones and antibodies Supply body with energy
Fats n n n Lipid – fatty substance that does not dissolve in water Some fat is necessary for good health Types: ¡ ¡ Saturated – solid at room temperature Unsaturated – liquid at room temperature
Role of Fats n n n Provide a concentrated form of energy Transport vitamins in blood stream Needed for growth and healthy skin Add flavor and texture to foods Help satisfy hunger longer Consuming excess can result in weight gain and obesity
Vitamins n n Compounds that help regulate many vital body processes, including digestion, absorption and metabolism of other nutrients Water-soluble and fat-soluble
Common Vitamins n n C – protects against infection A – keeps eyes moist and adjusts to darkness D – bone and tooth development Folic Acid – needed for cell replication and growth
Minerals n Substances that the body cannot manufacture but that are needed forming healthy bones and teeth and for regulating many vital body processes
Common Minerals n n Calcium – building bones and teeth Iron – important for red blood cell function Phosphorous – gives rigidity to bones, maintains p. H balance in blood and essential in cell metabolism Magnesium – aids in bone growth and muscle contraction
Which is healthier?
Water n n Vital to every body function Transports nutrients Carries wastes Important to drink at least 8 glasses of water a day
Questions 1. 2. 3. Compare the energy provided to the body by carbohydrates, proteins and fats. What is the difference between vitamins and minerals? What are the benefits of eating a variety of fruits and vegetables?
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