NUTRIENT REGULATION OF GROWTH OBJECTIVES Explain nutrient partitioning
![NUTRIENT REGULATION OF GROWTH NUTRIENT REGULATION OF GROWTH](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-1.jpg)
NUTRIENT REGULATION OF GROWTH
![OBJECTIVES • Explain nutrient partitioning • Explain Compensatory growth • Explain the purpose of OBJECTIVES • Explain nutrient partitioning • Explain Compensatory growth • Explain the purpose of](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-2.jpg)
OBJECTIVES • Explain nutrient partitioning • Explain Compensatory growth • Explain the purpose of antibacterial feed additives
![NUTRIENT PARTITIONING • Plane of nutrition – nutritional status of animals • Definition – NUTRIENT PARTITIONING • Plane of nutrition – nutritional status of animals • Definition –](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-3.jpg)
NUTRIENT PARTITIONING • Plane of nutrition – nutritional status of animals • Definition – amount of nutrients consumed by an animal relative to the amount required for optimal growth and or performance • Dietary energy is a major determinant of plane of nutrition • Dependent of the amount of carbohydrate, fat, and protein present in the diet
![NUTRIENT PARTITIONING • Utilization of ingested nutrient is partitioned among various tissue and organs NUTRIENT PARTITIONING • Utilization of ingested nutrient is partitioned among various tissue and organs](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-4.jpg)
NUTRIENT PARTITIONING • Utilization of ingested nutrient is partitioned among various tissue and organs according to their metabolic rate and physiological importance.
![NUTRIENT PARTITIONING • The order of priority from highest to lowest • Systems • NUTRIENT PARTITIONING • The order of priority from highest to lowest • Systems •](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-5.jpg)
NUTRIENT PARTITIONING • The order of priority from highest to lowest • Systems • • • Nervous System Circulatory System Respiratory System Digestive System Reproductive System • Tissues • Skeletal • Muscle • Adipose
![NUTRIENT PARTITIONING NUTRIENT PARTITIONING](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-6.jpg)
NUTRIENT PARTITIONING
![ENERGY BALANCE • Positive energy balance – when food is plentiful enough for body ENERGY BALANCE • Positive energy balance – when food is plentiful enough for body](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-7.jpg)
ENERGY BALANCE • Positive energy balance – when food is plentiful enough for body maintenance, growth, and fattening • Negative energy balance – food intake is not sufficient to meet needs. • Ex. Dairy cows during peak lactation • Daily milk production is at its highest and dairy cows cannot consume enough feed to maintain body tissue mass. • Energy must be mobilized from body tissues to support production of milk
![UNDER NUTRITION • Prenatal • Should under nutrition occurs, it is likely to have UNDER NUTRITION • Prenatal • Should under nutrition occurs, it is likely to have](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-8.jpg)
UNDER NUTRITION • Prenatal • Should under nutrition occurs, it is likely to have effect on postnatal growth of animals. • Low birth weights are often a result of prenatal under nutrition
![RUNT PIGS • Vital organs are smaller and DNA content in various tissues is RUNT PIGS • Vital organs are smaller and DNA content in various tissues is](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-9.jpg)
RUNT PIGS • Vital organs are smaller and DNA content in various tissues is less • Less DNA in skeletal muscle results in fewer fiber muscles • This results in lean growth being met sooner which negatively impacts the carcass • Slower growth and fatter carcasses
![UNDER NUTRITION • Postnatal • Increased metabolic activity at birth necessary for maintaining body UNDER NUTRITION • Postnatal • Increased metabolic activity at birth necessary for maintaining body](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-10.jpg)
UNDER NUTRITION • Postnatal • Increased metabolic activity at birth necessary for maintaining body temperature • Some species use adipose tissue as a source of energy • Large amounts of brown fat may be mobilized for heat production, but livestock species contain little brown fat after birth. • White adipose tissues may be used as energy sources, but in pigs there are only small amounts of fat present.
![COMPENSATORY GROWTH • Compenstatory growth – growth exhibited by an animal after a period COMPENSATORY GROWTH • Compenstatory growth – growth exhibited by an animal after a period](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-11.jpg)
COMPENSATORY GROWTH • Compenstatory growth – growth exhibited by an animal after a period of nutritional stress • Rate of compensatory growth is higher than that exhibited by a genetically identical animal during normal growth
![COMPENSATORY GROWTH • Two types of compensatory growth • Recovering Weight for Age • COMPENSATORY GROWTH • Two types of compensatory growth • Recovering Weight for Age •](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-12.jpg)
COMPENSATORY GROWTH • Two types of compensatory growth • Recovering Weight for Age • Animal is catching up to the normal without requiring additional time • Extended Growth Period • Feed restriction is so severe that the entire growth curve is extended
![COMPENSATORY GROWTH • Permanent Stunting of Growth- severe nutrient deprivation in postnatal stages of COMPENSATORY GROWTH • Permanent Stunting of Growth- severe nutrient deprivation in postnatal stages of](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-13.jpg)
COMPENSATORY GROWTH • Permanent Stunting of Growth- severe nutrient deprivation in postnatal stages of growth commonly results in smaller mature body size and is associated with excessive fat deposition
![ANTIBACTERIAL FEED ADDITIVES • Ionophores • Commonly fed to cattle because of increased growth ANTIBACTERIAL FEED ADDITIVES • Ionophores • Commonly fed to cattle because of increased growth](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-14.jpg)
ANTIBACTERIAL FEED ADDITIVES • Ionophores • Commonly fed to cattle because of increased growth efficiency • Alter the cell membrane properties and play a major role in altering microbial populations in the digestive system • Change the population of metabolism of rumen microbes • Can be used as a coccidio stat (anticoccidial drug) • Improves feed conversion
![ANTIBACTERIAL FEED ADDITIVES • Antibiotics are used in poultry, swine, and cattle feed additives ANTIBACTERIAL FEED ADDITIVES • Antibiotics are used in poultry, swine, and cattle feed additives](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-15.jpg)
ANTIBACTERIAL FEED ADDITIVES • Antibiotics are used in poultry, swine, and cattle feed additives • Theraputic level – Treats sick animals • Prophylactic levels – prevents disease • Subtheraputic levels – in healthy animals it improves feed efficiency and growth rates • Mode of action – changes populations of GI microorganisms, which alters nutrient utilization and metabolism
![OBJECTIVES • Explain nutrient partitioning • Explain Compensatory growth • Explain the purpose of OBJECTIVES • Explain nutrient partitioning • Explain Compensatory growth • Explain the purpose of](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/a0dd84a147c733e43e61a34c6e7c9def/image-16.jpg)
OBJECTIVES • Explain nutrient partitioning • Explain Compensatory growth • Explain the purpose of antibacterial feed additives
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