Nursing Research The Center for Nursing Research Ochsner

Nursing Research The Center for Nursing Research Ochsner Health System December 2015

Why were you assigned this lesson? Multiple Ochsner facilities are renewing or pursuing initial Magnet Recognition designation from ANCC, and a commitment to increase nursing staff’s knowledge about evidence-based practice and research is a requirement for that designation.

How long will this lesson take? • This lesson addresses should only take you 10 minutes to complete.

Objectives Following completion of the module, the nurse will be able to: • Define nursing research • Discuss the difference between research and quality improvement • Discuss steps for nursing research • Provide examples of unit-specific nursing research influencing patient outcomes

What is Nursing Research? • Nursing Research is the discovery of new knowledge, guided by a structured approach. – Examples of nursing research objectives: to test and evaluate patient outcomes before and after introducing new evidence-based practice to review patient outcomes using existing nursing practice in new population groups to foster understanding of nurses’ perceptions and/or clinical decision-making processes related to professional practice issues

Differences Between Research and Quality Improvement (QI) • The difference is not always clear. • A simplistic way to look at the difference is in the use of the data • – QI uses existing data to address internal organizational processes – Research can either use existing data or collect new data to discover new knowledge that influences healthcare outcomes The approach to the data in question is the key factor in determining whether it is QI or research Quality Improvement Research

Why is Nursing Research Important? • Nursing research provides scientific evidence to guide improvement in: – Existing practice – Patient outcomes – Nursing performance and satisfaction – Healthcare delivery systems

Nurses are Research Consumers • • Nurses are consumers of research by: – Reading research reports/articles – Keeping up-to-date about relevant findings for practice based on research evidence Mosby’s Skills Scientific articles Journal Clubs Conferences/symposiums Nurses translate research into practice by: – Using research evidence to develop new evidencebased practice – Educating other nurses about research evidence

Nurses are Research Producers • Nurses are producers of research by: – Developing research questions – Participating in data collection – Developing & implementing research protocols

Research Competencies • • Staff Nurses can participate in research by – – – Generating research questions based on their experience caring for patients Translating research findings into clinical practice Collecting data Nurse Researchers can assist the staff nurse to participate in research by mentoring staff to – – Develop research questions Search the literature Analyze the results Disseminate research findings - abstract, posters, oral presentations, manuscripts

IOWA Model- Steps to Guide Nursing Research Questions Start Here Is there a problem with patient outcomes? Is there new knowledge that we are not using? Find & Analyze Relevant Evidence NO Does it match Unit Priority & Nursing Research Center Approval ? Pilot EBP Change VS Research YES *Sufficient scientific evidence

The Center for Nursing Research is available to mentor you in: • • • Developing the question Searching the literature Analyzing the literature Interpreting research findings Disseminating research findings

Steps to Take Prior to Participating in Research 1. Follow the steps of the Iowa Model 2. Meet with Center for Nursing Research to discuss and explore your research interests 3. Complete the Institutional Review Board (IRB) requirements for human subject protection – CITI course – free on-line modules that review human subject protection guidelines that include: Subjects treated with fairness No harm is done Equal opportunity to participate – This module must be completed even if you are assisting an MD on a research study

Steps to Take Prior to Participating in Research (cont’d) 4. All nursing protocols must be reviewed by the System Nursing Research Council before being submitted to the Institutional Review Board (IRB) Federal guidelines & IRB policies state that everyone helping with research-related activities (data collection, investigator, study coordinator) must complete a course on Human Subject Protection (CITI course) & be listed on the IRB application.

What is the IRB? • • • The Institutional Review Board (IRB) is a group of scientists, non-scientists and community members that meet to review research protocols to ensure human subject protection IRBs in hospitals are composed of physicians, lawyers, scientists, clergy, community lay persons, and nurses Human subject protection is concerned with: – The rights and welfare of individuals – Adequate methods to obtain informed consent – The benefits of the participating in the study are greater than the risk

What is the System Nursing Research Council? • • • The council consists of RNs, APRNs, researchers, community members and nursing school faculty Meets once a month for one hour to review nursing research protocols During the review process, the System Nursing Research Council has the responsibility to: – Ask questions in order to understand the research protocol – Recommend the research protocol be submitted to the Institutional Review Board (IRB)

What Needs to be Reviewed by the IRB? • All research protocols- contact Center for Nursing Research for assistance • Research must be approved by IRB before data collection begins, such as: chart reviews, questionnaires, surveys, quality Improvement projects • Some types of quality improvement data may require approval prior to data collection and/or being published or presented in a public forum • The researcher/project leader should not independently make a determination about whether approval is needed or not • Only the IRB can determine whether research is exempt

What QI Projects Require IRB Approval ? • • Some QI projects do not need to be reviewed by the IRB – Ex. - QI data that is routinely collected and reported in-house Some QI projects should be reviewed by the IRB – Ex. - Data collected and published outside of the organization for the purpose of generalizing findings Not everything is Black or White Seek advice from the Center for Nursing Research! NO Yes Maybe? QI Projects Research

For more information on EBN and nursing research, contact the Center for Nursing Research: Karen Rice, DNS, APRN, ACNS-BC, ANP krice@ochsner. org (504) 842 -6193 or Shelley Thibeau, Ph. D, RNC-NIC sthibeau@ochsner. org (504) 842 -2101

Thank you! This concludes the Nursing Research module. Please return to OLN and complete the associated attestation. 20