Nucleotides Nucleic Acids Watson Crick 1953 Franklin Wilkins

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Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids Watson & Crick 1953 (Franklin & Wilkins too) Franklin &

Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids Watson & Crick 1953 (Franklin & Wilkins too) Franklin & Wilkins Heavy bands - indicates recurring bases X - indicates helical structure

Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids Watson & Crick 1953 (Franklin & Wilkins too) Watson &

Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids Watson & Crick 1953 (Franklin & Wilkins too) Watson & Crick Used x-ray crystallography data Used Chargaff’s rules 3 D structure of DNA, strands antiparallel

Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids DNA structure Complementarity Strands not identical in base sequence or

Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids DNA structure Complementarity Strands not identical in base sequence or composition DNA replication

Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids DNA structure - different forms

Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids DNA structure - different forms

A-DNA Z-DNA B-DNA

A-DNA Z-DNA B-DNA

Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids DNA structure - different forms Structure type Pitch (Å) Axial

Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids DNA structure - different forms Structure type Pitch (Å) Axial rise (h) per nt (Å) Groove width (Å) minor major 11 2. 7 Groove depth (Å) minor major 2. 8 13. 5 A 28. 2 2. 56 B 33. 8 3. 38 5. 7 11. 7 7. 5 8. 5 Z 45 3. 7 8. 8 2 3. 7 13. 8 Z-DNA virtually no major groove due to syn-G, pulls C into major grv Pitch = axial rise x repeat (bp/turn) distance for complete turn of helix So for A-DNA 2. 56 Å x 11 bp/turn = 28. 2 Å axial rise (h) distance between bp

purine rotated into major groove

purine rotated into major groove

B-DNA A-DNA + bulge 32˚ tilted upward A-DNA

B-DNA A-DNA + bulge 32˚ tilted upward A-DNA

Triple Helix Intrastrand base pairing

Triple Helix Intrastrand base pairing

Triple Helix using a third strand of DNA Interstrand base pairing Restriction endonuclease

Triple Helix using a third strand of DNA Interstrand base pairing Restriction endonuclease