Nucleic Acids Vocabulary 1 Chromosome Long strand of

Nucleic Acids Vocabulary

1. Chromosome • Long strand of DNA with many genes. Humans have 46 chromosomes in each body cell.

2. Gene • A section of DNA that codes for a trait

3. Allele • A particular version of a gene

4. Double helix • The coiled shape of DNA

5. Replication • Copying of DNA. Unwind, unzip, complement, bond.

6. Nucleotide • Building blocks of DNA and RNA. Made of a sugar, phosphate group, and a base

7. DNA • Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid

7. DNA • Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid – Components: • deoxy-ribose sugar • phosphate group • Bases A, T, C, G

7. DNA • Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid – Components: • deoxy-ribose sugar • phosphate group • Bases A, T, C, G – Shape: 2 stranded double helix

7. DNA • Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid – Components: • deoxy-ribose sugar • phosphate group • Bases A, T, C, G – Shape: 2 stranded double helix – Function: codes for protein

8. RNA • Ribo Nucleic Acid

8. RNA • Ribo Nucleic Acid – Components: • Ribose sugar • Phosphate group • Bases A, U, C, G

8. RNA • Ribo Nucleic Acid – Components: • Ribose sugar • Phosphate group • Bases A, U, C, G – Shape: single stranded

8. RNA • Ribo Nucleic Acid – Components: • Ribose sugar • Phosphate group • Bases A, U, C, G – Shape: single stranded – Function: decodes DNA’s info to make protein