Nuclear Medicine Physics Image Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine
- Slides: 41
Nuclear Medicine Physics Image Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine Jerry Allison, Ph. D. Department of Radiology Medical College of Georgia Augusta University
A note of thanks to Z. J. Cao, Ph. D. Medical College of Georgia And Sameer Tipnis, Ph. D. G. Donald Frey, Ph. D. Medical University of South Carolina for Sharing nuclear medicine presentation content
Artifacts in NM images § Defects of gamma camera or suboptimal data § § acquisition Photon attenuation Compensation of photon attenuation in PET/CT and SPECT/CT Patient motion Undesired uptake of radiopharmaceutical 3
Defects of gamma camera § Defect of collimator or detector § Bad PMT § Shift of energy peak out of energy window § High count rate (> 250, 000 counts/sec) § SPECT artifacts 4
Effect of counts on perceived noise Image of a brain phantom. As counts increase, noise decreases. © 1999 by Radiological Society of North America Rzeszotarski M S Radiographics 1999; 19: 765 -782
Effect of counts on contrast End –diastole image © 1999 by Radiological Society of North America Rzeszotarski M S Radiographics 1999; 19: 765 -782
Small dot: collimator defect 7
One PMT a defective PMT Multiple PMTs offset of energy peak 8
Shift of energy peak 9
Line: cracked detector Caused by mechanical impact 10
pulse height High count rate pile-up time 11
High count rate 12
COR shift in SPECT 13
Contamination of the patient's clothing with radioactivity 14
Myocardial perfusion studies Attenuation compensated vs Non-compensated 15
Attenuation by left breast an apparent defect in the anterior wall 16
Attenuation by diaphragm an apparent defect in the inferior wall 17
Cerebral perfusion studies Tc-HMPAO or Tc-ECD Without attenuation correction Correcteded 18
Misalignment in SPECT/CT 19
Misalignment in SPECT/CT 20
Septal Penetration Thyroid scan on a patient imaged with I -131 using a low energy collimator.
Septal Penetration Ant Post These 111 In images were obtained simultaneously with a dual head camera, and the collimator for the posterior head had not been changed to a medium energy collimator. Therefore, there is significant septal penetration (typical star pattern). 2015 Nuclear Medicine Physics for Radiology Residents Sameer Tipnis, Ph. D, DABR
A telemetry monitor on patient's chest 23
PET/CT issues § Attenuation correction § Resolution § Metallic artifact § Truncated CT § CT contrast § Respiration misalignment § Motion § Brown fat § Scar 24
Attenuation correction in PET High uptake in lungs Low uptake in others High uptake in skin w/o comp 25
2014 PET image of the ACR phantom 7. 9 mm 26
2014 SPECT image of the ACR phantom • as 9. 5 mm 31. 8 mm 15. 9 mm 27 Sphere diameters: 9. 5, 12. 7, 15. 9, 19. 1, 25. 4, and 31. 8 mm
Metallic implant PET comp PET w/o CT 28
Truncated CT PET comp CT 29
Truncated CT SUV=1. 96 Corrected SUV=7. 44 30
CT contrast CT PET comp PET w/o 31
Respiration misalignment in PET/CT PET comp 32
Respiration misalignment in PET/CT PET comp PET w/o 33
Head motion in PET Corrected 34
Head motion increased uptake in right face as compared with the left side 35
Brown fat uptake of 18 F-FDG keep patient warm 36
Question PET comp Pace maker PET w/o CT 37
Question CT truncation SUV=0. 32 Corrected SUV=0. 79 38
Question Metallic implant PET comp PET w/o CT 39
Question Scar uptake of 18 F-FDG PET comp 40
Time of flight PET image of a big patient Why better resolution? Less noise lighter filtering more resolution preserved (electronic collimation)
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