Nuclear data and reactor physics Radiotoxicity and spent

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Nuclear data and reactor physics Radiotoxicity and spent fuel L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Radiotoxicity and spent fuel L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics 237 Np 235 U • 238 U (n, γ)

Nuclear data and reactor physics 237 Np 235 U • 238 U (n, γ) (n, 2 n) 236 U 237 U L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay (n, γ) β 237 U 237 Np β 237 Np Tovesson & Hill, PRC 75 034610 (2007) • case

Nuclear data and reactor physics Motivations § Transmutation and incineration of long-lived nuclear wastes

Nuclear data and reactor physics Motivations § Transmutation and incineration of long-lived nuclear wastes : Np, Am, Cm, (Pu ? ) § Higher concentration of minor actinides in reactor cores § Need of accurate cross section of actinides L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Uranium cycle β 238 U + n 239 U

Nuclear data and reactor physics Uranium cycle β 238 U + n 239 U Thorium cycle 239 Np β 232 Th + n 233 Th β 239 Pu β 233 Pa 232 U 233 U 234 U 235 U 236 U 231 Pa 232 Pa 233 Pa 234 Pa 235 Pa 230 Th 231 Th 232 Th 233 Th (fissile) 233 U 237 U 234 Th (fissile) 238 U decay Neutron Capture § Lower production of minor actinides § Thermal breeder possible, with low fissile inventory L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Neutron balance for breeding of fissile nucleus only (capture/fission)

Nuclear data and reactor physics Neutron balance for breeding of fissile nucleus only (capture/fission) We start with 1 fission : -number of destroyed fissile nuclei: 1+a (fission+capture) -neutrons needed for next fission: 1+a (fission+capture) -neutrons needed to restore the fissile nucleus (breeding): 1+a -neutrons released by fission: -available additional neutrons: L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Neutron balance for breeding L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Neutron balance for breeding L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Concentration of fissile in fuel L. Tassan-Got – IPN

Nuclear data and reactor physics Concentration of fissile in fuel L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Time of flight principle Velocity : L. Tassan-Got –

Nuclear data and reactor physics Time of flight principle Velocity : L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Motivations for fission cross section measurements • Need of

Nuclear data and reactor physics Motivations for fission cross section measurements • Need of accurate fission cross sections for actinides - candidates to incineration : 237 Np - involved in the 232 Th/233 U : 232 Th, 233 U, 234 U • Broad neutron energy spectrum (ADS) up to spallation domain L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Detection layout L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Detection layout L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Fission detection : coincidence method • Détection of the

Nuclear data and reactor physics Fission detection : coincidence method • Détection of the 2 fission fragments • High level of rejection for alphas and high energy reactions (>10 Me. V) : spallation • Severe constraint : detectors and target backings very thin L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics f for 234 U L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics f for 234 U L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics f for 237 Np around 40 e. V L.

Nuclear data and reactor physics f for 237 Np around 40 e. V L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics f for 237 Np above threshold L. Tassan-Got –

Nuclear data and reactor physics f for 237 Np above threshold L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics f for 209 Bi L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics f for 209 Bi L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics f for nat. Pb L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics f for nat. Pb L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Future : f of 231 Pa 232 U 233

Nuclear data and reactor physics Future : f of 231 Pa 232 U 233 U 234 U 235 U 236 U 231 Pa 232 Pa 233 Pa 234 Pa 235 Pa 230 Th 231 Th L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay 232 Th 233 Th 234 Th 237 U 238 U decay Neutron Capture

Nuclear data and reactor physics Future : f of 231 Pa L. Tassan-Got –

Nuclear data and reactor physics Future : f of 231 Pa L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Angular distribution : combination of spins • Basically :

Nuclear data and reactor physics Angular distribution : combination of spins • Basically : • J combines incident spins and orbital momentum • K projection along fission axis • If K << J forward peaking • If K ~ J sideward peaking (even-even target nucleus) • The angular distribution may vary quickly with the energy according to (J, K) of the vibrational resonances L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

Nuclear data and reactor physics Poor knowledge above 10 Me. V 232 Th n.

Nuclear data and reactor physics Poor knowledge above 10 Me. V 232 Th n. TOF well suited for describing the quick variations with energy L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay 237 Np

Nuclear data and reactor physics Spallation domain ? Tutin et al. , NIM A

Nuclear data and reactor physics Spallation domain ? Tutin et al. , NIM A 457 (2001) 646 Need to confirm the high anisotropy of 232 Th at high energy L. Tassan-Got – IPN Orsay

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