NT brief brief overview For CSC 302 ChingWan

NT brief, brief overview For CSC 302 Ching-Wan Yip

OS y. Run applications?

Scenerio y. Medium size organization (200 -20, 000 users) yclients x 85% Wintel (NTWS, 95, 3. x, DOS), 10% UNIX boxes, 5% diehard Mac addicts y. Services xfile, print sharing, user, software access control xmedium load web serving, mail, IP/DNS, applications server (Notes, Real. Audio, R/3, Oracle, Backup, Help. Desk whatever) x. Remote access, fax server, proxy, order, customer database x. It works, 90+% uptime, 24 -7 support

Criteria y. General purpose only, not for xmulti-users, non-backend server side application x 3 D animation x. Huge database x. Sci. Viz, calculation

Options y. Mac. OS/Be. OS y. Novell y. UNIX x. Solaris, AIX, HP-UX, Digital UNIX, Irix, Linux, BSD. . . y. NT

Why? y. OS cost cheaper than expensive UNIX? y. UNIX admin. is very expensive

Vs UNIX x 4/8 processors SMP out of the box, up to 32 OEM xx 86 in practice mostly 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 CPU x 2 G RAM 32 -bit flat addressing in 3. 5 x? , 4 G in 4. 0 x 2 G app/2 G kernel in 3. 5 x; 3 G app/1 G kernel in Enterprise NT, 32 G in 5. 0 using VLM “Very Large Memory” in Alpha and Intel “Merced” x 2 server clustering failover in 4. 0 Enterprise x~25, 000 users in domain x. Iris 6. x, HP-UX 11. x, Digital UNIX 4. x full 64 -bit x. Solaris 2. 6, upcoming AIX 4. 3 partial 64 x. Linux 64 -bit on 64 -bit platform?

Platforms z. Intel x 86 z. DEC Alpha zdefuncted - Power. PC, MIPS zworkstation, server, enterprise

Login - Ctrl-Alt-Delete zlogon

Just like 95? z. Same Program manager/file manager as 95 zfor a $4000 for 25 client OS

NOS z. Mainly a NOS for file/print sharing, user management, DHCP/WINS, browsing

“Built-in” xcan also be remote dial-in server, ftp, gopher, DNS server, routing x. IIS web server (index, management, Front. Page) x. Directory, Message Queue (MSMQ), media streaming (Net. Show), Transcation (MTS), Clustering (MSCS)

Applications Platform y. Back. Office 2. 5 x. NT Server 4. 0 w/ Internet Information Server (IIS) 3. 0 x. Proxy Server 1. 0 x. SQL Server 6. 5 x. Exchange Server 5. 0 x. Systems Management Server (SMS) 1. 2 x. SNA Server 3. 0 y. Site Server, Commerce Internet Server xmanagement, personalization

Setup/license y. Per seat/server

Role in the network z. PDC, BDC, server

Domain model zlogin required to gain access to resources z. Single domain model

Accounts zvs. UNIX /etc/passwd z. Different roles zsecurity identifier (SID) group security identifiers (group SIDs) z S-1 -5 -21 -76965814 -1898335404 -322544488 -1001

User Manager

User control z. User policy zlogin script z. Who can do what

Services z. Vs UNIX daemons

Network Services

Name services y. DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol y. WINS - Windows Internet Name Service y. DNS - Domain Name System

Services managers

Login

Print sharing z. Serve different clients zvs UNIX lpd model

File sharing zvs UNIX’s NFS zor Samba (UNIX pretends to be NT)

File System z. NTFS, FAT (no FAT 32 until NT 5 next year), HPFS (3. 5 x) zno security etc. on FAT z. NTFS 16 EB (2 e 64) b-tree, FAT 4 G (2 e 32) linked list, RAID support z. Universal Naming Convention (UNC) Names x\serversharesubdirectoryfilename

File permissions zchmod ugoa +/-rwxs

Replication zdirectory

Disk/Network/Backup

monitoring zvs top

Monitoring - Event

Admin. Friendly? z/etc/init*, win. ini zstill Windows

Rock solid? z. Still crash - Blue Screen of Dealth (BSOD) z. Some configuration changes requires reboot, or command prompt zrebuild disks zdrivers - OEM specific y. HCL z. SP 1, 2, 3… buggy?

Architecture zkernel 3. 51 vs 4. 0

modular z. Subsystems z 32 -bit NT and most 32 -bit 95 apps y. Windows 16 -bit - DOS, Windows 3. x y. OS/2 - 16 -bit character based apps on x 86 y. POSIX - IEEE 1003. 1 apps compiled under NT

Interprocess Communication (IPC) x. Named Pipes File Systems (NPFS) x· Mailslots File Systems (MSFS) x· Net. BIOS x· Windows Sockets x· Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) x· Network Dynamic Data Exchange (Net DDE) y 4. 0 distributed component object model (DCOM) xbuilds on remote procedure call (RPC) y 5. 0 COM+ DNA

others x. Preemptive multitasking, performance tuning xmemory management xsecurity - C 2, auditing xlocalization - unicode xfault-tolerance - RAID, UPS support xcompatibility - no DOS, OS/2, Windows x. Portability, Scalability, Reliability x. Architecture - HAL, kernel