NRS 453 Controlled Substances Controlled Substances n A

NRS 453: Controlled Substances

Controlled Substances n A drug or substance or immediate precursor listed in schedules I through V, inclusive.

Drug Defined: n Substances intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in man or animals. n Other than food.

Schedule I: High Potential for Abuse n ______________ No Recognized Medical Benefit n ______________

Schedule II: n _______________ High Potential for Abuse n _______________ Accepted as Having Medical Benefits n _______________ Abuse may lead to a severe psychological or physical dependence _______________

Schedule III through V: n ____________ Lesser potential for abuse n ________________ Accepted as having medical benefits n Abuse may lead to moderate to low ________________ physical dependence or high _______________________________ psychological dependence

Most Schedule II – V substances are evaluated on the following factors: n On-set: the amount of time it takes to feel the effect. n Duration: how long the feeling lasts n Severity: the intensity, initial rush, and sustained level of euphoria. Ø n May also include the impact the substance has on vital functions: heart rate, respiration, judgment, etc. Potential for dependence.

Dependence can be either: n Psychological – An overwhelming craving to re-experience __________________ Or n Physiological – A dependence created by the body __________________

PDR Physician’s Desk Reference _________________ - The easiest way to identify a legally ________________ manufactured controlled substance.

NRS 453 Interpreted n The law is “applied and construed as to effectuate general purpose and to make uniform the law with respect to the subject of such sections among those states which enact it. ”

Narcotic Drug Defined: n n n Opium Poppy Synthetic Opiate Poppy straw Coca leaves Cocaine

Drug Classifications: n n Stimulants – (Amphetamines, Methamphetamine, Ecstasy, Cocaine) accelerate the central nervous system. Depressants – Barbiturates, Valium, Quaalude Hallucinogens – PCP, LSD, Mushrooms, Mescaline Inhalants – Paint Thinner, Glue, Butyl Nitrate.

Marijuana is a green, brown, or gray mixture of dried, shredded leaves, stems, seeds, and flowers of the hemp plant. n n Known as pot, herb, grass, weed, Mary Jane, gangster, reefer, blunt, chronic, and some 200 other names. The most popular and widespread controlled substance in the world. First officially recorded use was in China in 2737 BC. Its primary psychoactive ingredient is THC (Tetrahydrocannibinol delta nine).

Marijuana defined: n n All parts of any plant of the genus Cannabis, whether growing or not; The seeds thereof; The resin extracted from any part; and Every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the plant, its seeds, or resin.

Short Term Effects: … the effects of Marijuana are influenced by users expectations and past experiences. q Ø Ø Ø Low Dosage: Euphoria Heightened sensory experiences Hallucinations Fantasies Paranoia Laid-back attitude q Ø Ø Ø Ø Moderate Dosage: Dryness of the mouth Red eyes Impaired motor skills Memory loss Attention lapses “Munchies” Feelings of depersonalization

Long Term Effects: n n n Bronchitis emphysema bronchial asthma sore throats Coughs Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Increased heart rate Increased risk to lungs Short term memory loss Glaucoma Suppressed immune system n n n Decrease in testosterone Decreased sperm count Abnormal sperm Impaired fetal growth and development Physical dependency leads to subsequent use of cocaine and heroine

Marijuana n n n n Mexican low-grade Pound $300 -$340 Ounce $75 -$100 Gram $5 -$10 Domestic mid-grade Pound $750 Ounce $150 -$200 Gram $25

Mexican Black Tar Heroin n n Purity 20 -25% Wholesale- Kilo $20, 000 Mexican Ounce (25 Grams) $400 -$700 Retail - Gram $90 -$100 1/10 th gram $10

n n n n Mexican Brown Heroin Wholesale- Kilo $25, 000 Southeast Asian Heroin Wholesale- 700 -750 Gram $70, 000$80, 000 300 -350 Gram $35, 000 -$40, 000 Colombian Heroin Purity 94% Wholesale- Kilo $86, 000 -$100, 000

NRS 453. 336: Penalties A person who violates this section shall be punished: For a third or subsequent For the first or second offense, for a category E felony (imprisonment in the state prison for a minimum term of not less than 1 year and a maximum term of not more than 4 years). offense, for a category D felony (not less than 1 year and a maximum term of not more than 4 years, and a fine of not more than $5, 000), and may be further punished by a fine of not more than $20, 000.

Opiates: n n n Heroin Morphine Codeine Hydromorhpone (Dilaudid) Oxycodone (Percodan) Meperidine (Demerol)

Cocaine n n Purity: 73 -76% Wholesale Multi-Kilos $14, 000 -$17, 000 Ounce $500 -$600 Retail Gram $80

Cocaine’s Effects on the Brain: n n It tricks the brain into thinking it has received something good by interfering with dopamine pathways. It inhibits the brain’s ability to feel normal without cocaine.

Cocaine’s Effects on the Body: n n n Snorting destroys the nasal passages. Blood pressure, heart and breathing rate, and body temperature all increase. Dizziness, cramps, infection – from reduced blood supply to the intestines.

Cocaine’s Effects on the Body: n n Liver damage. Coughing and shortness of breath. Psychosis. Strokes, brain seizures, respiratory failure, heart attack, convulsions, and death.

Methamphetamine / Amphetamine: n n n Purity: 30 -35 % Wholesale Pound $5, 000 -$6, 500 Ounce $300

ICE n n n Wholesale Pound $8, 000 -$11, 000 Ounce $600 -$800 Retail 1/8 th Ounce $100 -$125 1/16 th Ounce $60 -$70 1/32 nd Ounce $40 -$50 1/4 th Gram $20

PCP n Wholesale. Gallon $15, 000 -$20, 000 Ounce $300 -$350 n Retail - Sherm cigarette $10 -$20

LSD n n Wholesale - 100 dose sheet $150 -$200 Retail- per dose $5 -$10

GHB n v v v n v Wholesale – Gallon $275 -$350 Liter $80 -$100 16 oz bottle $120 Retail Bottle capful $5 -$20

Ecstasy (MDMA) n n Retail- single quantities per pill $10 -$15 Boat 1, 000 pills per boat $6, 000

GBL n Wholesale- liter $600

What percentage of people have used the following drugs?

Cocaine Lifetime Past Year Past Month 2002 2003 12 -17 2. 6 2. 1 1. 8 0. 6 18 -25 15. 4 15. 0 6. 7 6. 6 2. 0 2. 2 26 and older 15. 9 16. 3 1. 8 1. 9 0. 7 0. 8 12 and older 14. 4 14. 7 2. 5 0. 9 1. 0

Crack Lifetime Past Year Past Month 2002 2003 12 -17 0. 6 0. 4 0. 1 18 -25 3. 8 0. 9 0. 2 26 and older 3. 9 3. 6 0. 7 0. 6 0. 3 12 and older 3. 6 3. 3 0. 7 0. 6 0. 2 0. 3

Methamphetamine Lifetime 2002 2003 Past Year 2002 2003 Past Month 2002 2003 12 -17 1. 5 1. 3 0. 9 0. 7 0. 3 18 -25 5. 7 5. 2 1. 7 1. 6 0. 5 0. 6 26 and older 5. 7 0. 4 0. 2 12 and older 5. 3 5. 2 0. 7 0. 6 0. 3

Marijuana Lifetime 2002 2003 Past Year 2002 2003 Past Month 2002 2003 12 -17 20. 6 19. 6 15. 8 15. 0 8. 2 7. 9 18 -25 53. 8 53. 9 29. 8 28. 5 17. 3 17. 0 26 and older 40. 8 41. 2 7. 0 6. 9 4. 0 12 and older 40. 4 40. 6 11. 0 10. 6 6. 2

Heroin Lifetime Past Year Past Month 2002 2003 12 -17 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1 18 -25 1. 6 0. 4 0. 3 0. 1 26 and older 1. 7 0. 1 0. 0 12 and older 1. 6 0. 2 0. 1

MDMA Lifetime Past Year Past Month 2002 2003 12 -17 3. 3 2. 4 2. 2 1. 3 0. 5 0. 4 18 -25 15. 1 14. 8 5. 8 3. 7 1. 1 0. 7 26 and older 2. 6 3. 1 0. 5 0. 3 0. 1 12 and older 4. 3 4. 6 1. 3 0. 9 0. 3 0. 2

LSD Lifetime Past Year Past Month 2002 2003 12 -17 2. 7 1. 6 1. 3 0. 6 0. 2 18 -25 15. 9 14. 0 1. 8 1. 1 0. 2 26 and older 10. 5 10. 8 0. 1 0. 0 12 and older 10. 4 10. 3 0. 4 0. 2 0. 0 0. 1 PCP Lifetime 2002 Past Year 2003 2002 Past Month 2003 2002 2003 12 -17 0. 9 0. 8 0. 4 0. 1 18 -25 2. 7 3. 0 0. 3 0. 4 0. 0 0. 1 26 and older 3. 5 3. 3 0. 0 * 12 and older 3. 2 3. 0 0. 1 0. 0

Questions?