November 2020 doc IEEE 802 15 20 0295

<November, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Project: IEEE P 802. 15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Technical Proposal for TG 4 aa JRE] Date Submitted: [3 November, 2020] Source: [Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura] Company [Kyoto University] Address [Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606 -8501 Japan] Voice: [+81 -75 -753 -5318], FAX: [], E-Mail: [hiroshi. harada@i. kyoto-u. ac. jp] Re: [] Abstract: [This document includes Technical Contributions toward the development the amendment of IEEE Std 802. 15. 4 -2020] Purpose: [Technical Proposal for TG 4 aa JRE. ] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P 802. 15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P 802. 15. Submission Slide 1 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Current SUN FSK options for Japan in IEEE 802. 15. 4 Frequency band (MHz) 920 -928 MHz Submission Parameter Operating mode #1 #2 #3 #4 Data rate (kb/s) 50 100 200 400 Modulation 2 -FSK 4 -FSK Modulation index 1. 0 0. 33 Channel spacing (k. Hz) 200 400 600 Standard 802. 15. 4 -2020 Slide 2 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Proposal Frequency band (MHz) 920 -928 MHz Parameter Operating mode #1 #2 #3 #4 #XX #XX Data rate (kb/s) 50 100 200 400 600 800 Modulation 2 -FSK 4 -FSK 2 -FSK 4 -FSK Modulation index 1. 0 0. 33 0. 5 0. 4 0. 5 0. 33 Channel spacing (k. Hz) 200 400 600 200 * N 1≦N≦ 5 [2] Standard 802. 15. 4 -2020 [1] Proposed Note: N is integer number Submission Slide 3 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Feasibility Study [3][4] Submission Slide 4 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa High-speed FSK Transmission Scheme • Prototype IC and evaluation board – Support data rates from 50 kbps to 600 kbps by 2 -FSK – Support IEEE 802. 15. 4 -compliant FEC – Certified by a certification body in Japan • Meet the requirements of ARIB STD-T 108 under the proposed parameters Prototype IC Submission Slide 5 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa High-speed FSK Transmission Scheme • Static characteristics of IC Input power to receiver – External LNA: improve transmission quality – PER and average RSSI calculated by PC from 1, 000 transmitted packets – Input power to receiver: power at the input of the LNA Submission Slide 6 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa High-speed FSK Transmission Scheme • Static characteristics of IC Submission Parameters Values Modulation Scheme 2 -GFSK CH Frequency 926. 9 MHz 927. 0 MHz Data Rate 100 kbps 300 kbps 600 kbps Modulation Index 1. 0 0. 5 0. 4 Preamble Length 15 octets Payload Length 250 octets FEC OFF, ON Encoding Scheme RSC Decoding Scheme Viterbi (Hard decision) Interleaver ON CRC 16 bits Inter-packet Time 0. 35 s Slide 7 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa High-speed FSK Transmission Scheme Target PER = 10% • Static characteristics of IC Data Rate (kbps) Required Input Power (d. Bm) 100 – 105. 6 300 – 99. 7 600 – 98. 6 7. 0 d. B – 600 kbps achieved with a deterioration of 7. 0 d. B Feasibility of proposed high-speed FSK scheme LNA gain: about 12 d. B – FEC improvement: 2. 4 d. B – 600 kbps w/ FEC is better than 300 kbps w/o FEC Possibility of using FEC to improve transmission quality Submission Slide 8 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Field Experiment with High-speed FSK • Measurement field – Typical urban environment assuming smart metering system – Transmitter is fixed while receiver keeps moving along different routes Route A (mostly Lo. S) Route B (mostly NLo. S) Submission Slide 9 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Field Experiment with High-speed FSK • Radio stations SAW: Surface acoustic wave GPS: Global position system • Transmitter (concentrator) – Antenna height: 4. 5 m – Transmission power: 20 m. W • Receiver (smart meter device) – Antenna height: 1. 1 m – SAW filter: remove signals from out bands – GPS loggers: log location information of receiver while moving Submission Slide 10 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Field Experiment with High-speed FSK • Average input power to receiver – Input power to receiver: power at the input of the SAW filter – Average value: calculated from 51 packets before and after Submission Slide 11 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Field Experiment with High-speed FSK • Average input power to receiver Submission Slide 12 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Field Experiment with High-speed FSK • Packet error rate Submission Slide 13 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Field Experiment with High-speed FSK • Packet error rate (for distance) 320 m 200 m Submission Slide 14 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Field Experiment with High-speed FSK • Communication distance Data Rate (kbps) Communication Distance (m) Communication Distance Route A Route B (Lo. S) (NLo. S) 100 > 320 150 300 > 320 120 600 250 100 The shortest distance where PER exceeds 10% – High-speed FSK is applicable with a shorter communication distance – On an Lo. S road without obvious obstacles, 600 kbps achieves 250 m communication distance – The communication distance of 600 kbps is sufficient in a massive and dense network using multi-hop communication Submission Slide 15 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Simulation Study on Channel Spacing [5][6] Submission Slide 16 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Wi-SUN FAN with High-speed FSK • Channel arrangement on performing frequency hopping (FH) – In general, the channel spacing defined in IEEE 802. 15. 4 is equal to the channel width • e. g. the channel spacing in existing FSK (100 kbps) in Japan is defined as 400 k. Hz • “Channel width”: sum of bundled unit channels to make up one channel Channel Spacing: 400 k. Hz (Operating Mode #2) Channel Spacing: 1, 000 k. Hz (N=5) Similar channel allocation Submission Slide 17 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Problem of Adopting High-speed FSK and FH • Larger occupied bandwidth – FAN with High-speed FSK performing FH (7 channels) occupies most of the available bandwidth in the 920 MHz-band (7. 6 MHz) – FAN with High-speed FSK performing FH has poor compatibility with the existing system design using the existing FSK × 2. 5 Submission Slide 18 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Proposed Channel Spacing • Smaller channel spacing in high-speed FSK (N<5) – Smaller N reduces occupied bandwidth – Case of N=2 has an affinity with the existing system design Reduce by half (Case of N=2) Submission Slide 19 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Proposed Channel Spacing • Smaller channel spacing in high-speed FSK (N<5) – Enough interference avoidance performance can be expected • Interference from neighboring channels becomes larger • But shorter packet by high-speed FSK makes easy to avoid interference in the time domain Submission Slide 20 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Simulation Model – Each router independently generates packets according to the Poisson distribution • �� : mean packet generation rate – A node whose �� is one less than own �� on a straight line toward BR is selected as a relay node • �� : predetermined number of transfers toward BR total of 144 routers Submission Slide 21 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Simulation Parameters Values Modulation scheme 2 -GFSK Target number of packets 1. 0× 104 Data rate 100 kbps or 600 kbps Packet generation rate From 5. 0× 10– 3 to 1. 0× 10– 1 (s– 1) Modulation index 1. 0 (100 kbps), 0. 4 (600 kbps) Number of active channels 1 or 7 Gaussian filter BT Tx: 0. 5, Rx: 0. 5 Channel function DH 1 CF Channel model AWGN Unicast dwell interval 100 ms Payload size 256 bytes Channel spacing Header size 108 bytes 400 k. Hz (100 kbps), 400 k. Hz or 1 MHz (600 kbps) ACK frame size 38 bytes LIFS 1 ms Number of Routers 144 CCA duration 0. 13 ms BR height 5 m Unit backoff period 1. 13 ms Router height 0 m RX to TX Turnaround. Time 1 ms Attenuation constant 3 ACK waiting duration 5 ms (100 kbps), 2. 5 ms (600 kbps) Minimum backoff exponent 3 Transmit power 13 d. Bm Maximum backoff exponent 5 CCA threshold – 80 d. Bm Maximum number of backoff 4 Maximum number of retransmission 3 Submission Slide 22 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa System Throughput – Sufficient throughput even in the high-speed FSK with the smaller channel spacing max 26. 1 kbps 600 kbps, 1, 000 k. Hz spacing (N=5) max 25. 2 kbps 600 kbps, 400 k. Hz spacing (N=2) max 10. 5 kbps × 2. 4 100 kbps, 400 k. Hz spacing Proposed smaller channel spacing achieves 2. 4 times maximum system throughput (Case of N=2) compared to existing FSK with FH Submission Slide 23 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)

<October, 2020> doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -20 -0295 -01 -04 aa Reference [1] IEEE, “IEEE 802. 15. 4 -2020, ” July 2020. [2] ARIB, “ARIB STD-T 108 920 MHz-BAND TELEMETER, TELECONTROLAND DATA TRANSMISSION RADIO EQUIPMENT ver 1. 3, ” Apr. 2019. [3] Y. Xiang, R. Okumura, K. Mizutani, and H. Harada, “Field Experiment of IEEE 802. 15. 4 Based High-Speed FSK Transmission Scheme, ” IEICE Technical Report, Jan. 2020. [4] Y. Xiang, R. Okumura, K. Mizutani, and H. Harada, “Data Rate Enhancement for IEEE 802. 15. 4 Based FSK Transmission Scheme, ” 2020 IEEE 6 th World Forum on Internet of Things, Jun. 2020. [5] H. Ochiai, K. Mizutani, R. Okumura, K. Mizutani, and H. Harada, “A Highly Dense Frequency Hopping for High-speed Wi-SUN FAN Network, ” IEICE Technical Report, Jan. 2020. [6] H. Ochiai, K. Mizutani, R. Okumura, K. Mizutani, and H. Harada, “A High-speed Wi. SUN FAN Network by Highly-Dense Frequency Hopping, ” Proc. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference , Nov. 2020 (to be appeared). Submission Slide 24 Hiroshi Harada, Ryota Okumura (Kyoto University)