NOVEMBER 11 2016 Get out pencil and notebook

NOVEMBER 11, 2016 Get out pencil and notebook Protestant Reformation Notes

Warm Up ■ Name as many branches of Christianity as you can

Crash Course: Protestant Reformation ■ https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=1 o 8 o. IELb. Nx. E

Factors that lead to Protestant Reformation ■ Weakened Church authority ■ New ways of thinking ■ Renaissance

Factors that lead to Protestant Reformation ■ Printing press ■ Politics ■ Church decadence

Indulgences – Pieces of paper that could be bought that symbolized the Church transferring merit and forgiving sins – Claimed to release people from purgatory

A 1517 indulgence from Johannes Tetzel that reads, “By the authority of all the saints, and in mercy towards you, I absolve you from all sins and misdeeds and remit all punishments for ten days. ” “A copper in the coffer sings, a soul from purgatory springs”

Martin Luther (1483 -1546) ■ Luther was an Augustinian monk in Germany ■ Witnessed effect of indulgences and Church wrongdoings

95 Theses ■ Posted on the door of Wittenberg chapel on October 31, 1517. – Written in German – Argued against indulgences and other church violations – Copied with printing press and distributed around Europe

The 95 Theses are now engraved in iron on the door of the Wittenberg chapel

Luther’s Platform ■ Three Tiers – Salvation comes through faith alone and not through good works – The Bible is the sole authority and not Church dogma or the pope. – People of faith were equal and didn’t need others to interpret the Bible for them.

Reaction by Catholic Church ■ Diet of Worms 1521 ■ Luther excommunicated

Reaction in Europe ■ Princes used the Reformation to gain power over their realms by dismissing Papal/Church Authority. ■ Series of wars and peasant revolts until the Peace of Augsburg in 1555.

King Henry VIII of England Mini Bio video https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=v. Gi 2 TY AQf. XE

Anglicanism ■ New branch of Christianity created by Henry VIII – Part of Protestantism – English Monarch is the head of the Church

Catherine of Aragon (Spain) • Left by Henry with no male heir.

Anne Boleyn • Second Wife • Gives birth to Elizabeth I • In 1536, she’s accused of adultery and treason. Henry locks her up and has her executed.

Jane Seymour • Third Wife • Henry married her 11 days after Anne’s execution. • Finally bears a male heir. (Edward VI) • Dies two weeks after the birth.

Anne of Cleaves • Fourth Wife • Was a political marriage for Henry. • Once the political advantage was gone, Henry has the marriage annulled.

Catherine Howard • Fifth Wife • Henry found out she had affairs before getting married and may have committed adultery. • Got Parliament to pass a law declaring it treason for an unchaste woman to marry the king. • She’s beheaded two days later in 1542.

Catherine Parr • Sixth Wife • She survives Henry who dies in 1547.

One more thing… that painting at the beginning is a Hans Holbein. Check the detail.

Edward VI • Becomes king in 1547 at the age of nine. • Dies six years later • During his reign, however, English Protestantism was significantly advanced and developed.

Mary I • Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon’s daughter • Queen from 1553 -1558. • Reinstates Catholicism

Elizabeth I • One of England’s greatest rulers if not THE greatest. • Reinstates Protestantism after Mary I • Defeats Spanish Armada in 1588 • Reigns from 15581603

Elizabeth I mini bio video https: //www. yout ube. com/watch? v =c. Dg 9 Ao. JYxe. Y

Calvinism ■ John Calvin – Swiss preacher in Geneva – Predestination: God had already determined who would be saved ■ Calvinism – Stress the following: ■ ■ ■ Hard work Modesty Morality Thrift Honesty Discipline

Spread of Calvinism ■ Started in Geneva, Switzerland ■ Spread to France, Netherlands, Germany, England