Nouns The 2 nd Declension By Mark Kindschuh

Nouns: The 2 nd Declension By Mark Kindschuh

About the 2 nd Declension • The 2 nd Declension consists mostly of masculine nouns, with the exception of a few neuter nouns. • Most second declension masculine nouns have a nominative singular ending in –us, while a few end in –er.

The 2 nd Declension, Regular -us endings Case Singular Plural Nominative servus servi Genitive servi servorum Dative servo servis Accusative servum servos Vocative servi Ablative servo servis

The 2 nd Declension, -er nouns • There are two kinds of second declension –er masculines. • Some like “puer” retain the -e • Most, like “ager, ” drop the -e-

The 2 nd Declension, -er endings Case Singular Plural Nominative puer ager pueri Genitive pueri agri puerorum agrorum Dative puero agro pueris agris Accusative puerum agrum pueros agros Vocative puer ager pueri agri Ablative puero agro pueris agri

“Vir, ” a masculine exception • • “Vir” is the nominative singular ending of the masculine nouns vir, viri. This unique –ir 2 nd declension noun has many similarities with masculine –er nouns in the 2 nd declension.

Declension of “Vir” Case Singular Plural Nominative viri Genitive viri virorum Dative viro viris Accusative virum viros Vocative viri Ablative viro viris

2 nd declension neuter nouns • 2 nd declension neuter nouns share most of their endings with 2 nd declension neuter nouns except; the nominative, accusative and vocative are the same in both singular and plural, with –um in the singular and -ain the plural.

Neuter 2 nd Declension nouns Case Singular Plural Nominative auxilium auxilia Genetive auxilii auxiliorum Dative auxilio auxiliis Accuative auxilium auxilia Vocative auxilium auxilia Ablative auxilio auxiliis