Nouns Singular Plural Singular Plural add s cat

Nouns: Singular > Plural

Singular > Plural: add 's' • • cat dog room key café DVD 70 > > > > cats dogs rooms keys cafés DVDs 70 s

Singular ending in sibilant (s/z/ch/sh/x) > add 'es' • bus • watch • wish • box • kiss > > > buses watches wishes boxes kisses

Singular ending in consonant + y > 'ies' • • baby penny city spy • BUT: > > babies pennies cities spies toy > toys

Singular words ending in –o: "English" words • potato > potatoes • tomato > tomatoes • hero > heroes • veto > vetoes • torpedo> torpedoes International words • video > videos • photo > photos • patio > patios • radio > radios • solo > solos • hippo > hippos • piano > pianos

Singular ending in –f(e) > -ves • • • wife > wives knife > knives wolf > wolves thief > thieves half > halves shelf leaf life loaf calf > > > shelves leaves lives loaves calves All other words in –f get –fs roof > roofs

Latin or Greek words: words ending in –is get -es • crisis • analysis • thesis • axis > > crises analyses theses axes words ending in -on get -a • criterion > criteria • phenomenon > phenomena

• person > peo • • man woman person child > > men women people children • goose > geese • tooth > teeth • foot > feet • sheep > sheep • deer > deer • fish > fish • moose > moose • buffalo > buffalo • mouse > mice Irregular nouns: • louse > lice • ox > oxen • die > dice • penny > pence • aircraft > aircraft

Words that are always plural: • glasses, spectacles • trousers, shorts, jeans, pyjamas • scissors, binoculars, compasses • Use: “…. pairs of …. ” if you mean more than one I brought two pairs of jeans. • • police audience cattle surroundings • Make sure you always use a plural verb form with these words The police are looking for the suspect.