Norwegian history I Europe Prehistoric Norway 10 000
- Slides: 47
Norwegian history I
Europe
Prehistoric Norway 10 000 BC 4000 BC 1800 BC 500 BC 200 AC 500 AC Migration into Scandinavia Agriculture Bronze Iron Runes Seagoing ships
Prehistoric Norway 10 000 BC 4000 BC 1800 BC 500 BC 200 AC 500 AC Migration into Scandinavia Agriculture Bronze Iron Runes Seagoing ships
Pre-national institutions • Ting • Law • Religion
”Pre-national” institutions • The ting • The law • Religion
The Oseberg ship
The viking campaigns 793 -1066
Viking age legacy • Political unification and religious reform • National kingdom: Harald Fairhair 872 • Missionary kings: Håkon the Good, Olav Trygvason, Olav the Holy 1030
The slow formation of the medieval state 1030 -1300 • Monarchy and church develop as institutions • The conflict between monarchy and church. Civil wars 1130 -1240 • The impact of christianity • The western colonies • King Sverre versus Rome • ”The golden age”
The slow formation of the medieval state 1030 -1300 • Monarchy and church develop as institutions • The conflict between king and church. Civil wars 1130 -1240 • The impact of christianity • The western colonies • King Sverre versus Rome • ”The golden age”
The slow formation of the medieval state 1030 -1300 • Monarchy and church develop as institutions • The conflict between monarchy and church. Civil wars 1130 -1240 • The impact of christianity • The western colonies • King Sverre versus Rome • ”The golden age”
Monarch versus archbishop Sverre Eystein
The slow formation of the medieval state 1030 -1300 • Monarchy and church develop as institutions • The conflict between monarchy and church. Civil wars 1130 -1240 • The impact of christianity • The western colonies • King Sverre versus Rome • ”The golden age”
National disintegration in the late Middle Ages • • Fall of the royal dynasty 1319 The Hanseatic League The Black Plague 1349 Lutheran reformation 1537
National disintegration in the late Middle Ages • • Fall of the royal dynasty The Hanseatic League The Black Plague Lutheran reformation
National disintegration in the late Middle Ages • • Fall of the royal dynasty The Hanseatic League The Black Plague Lutheran reformation
Under Danish rule • ”Danification” of the Norwegian elite: Danish fiefholders and Danish priests. • Peasant freedom: Protected by topography • The cultural divide: Danish center versus Norwegian periphery • Norwegian mentality
The wars with Sweden • • • The Seven Years War 1563 -70 The Kalmar War 1611 -13 The Hannibal Feud 1643 -45 The Revenge War 1657 -60 The Great Nordic War 1700 -21
Royal autocracy 1660 -1814 • The feudal lords deprived of their privileges. All power derived from the king • Administrative reform: Fief system replaced by professional bureaucracy upheld by the king. • ”The twin kingdoms”
Norwegian economy under Denmark • • • Fish export Timber trade and sawmill industry Mining industry Shipping After The Great Nordic War: Growing commercial activity and urban development. Commercial boom prior to The Napoleonic wars.
Population development Year population 1300 450 000 1355 225 000 1660 440 000 1801 883 553
Danish cultural influence • • The Bible translated to Danish was the written language All higher education in Danish Two cultures: Norwegian for ordinary people. Danish for the elite.
Danish cultural influence • • The Bible translated to Danish was the written language All higher education in Danish Two cultures: Norwegian for ordinary people. Danish for the elite.