North Idaho Emergency Services Academy Objectives Types of

North Idaho Emergency Services Academy

Objectives • • Types of fire service ladders Ladder terms Ladder raising procedures Roof ladder operations

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TS 9– 2 SINGLE LADDERS • Are nonadjustable • Have only one section • Are sometimes called wall ladders • Are used for quick access to windows and roofs of one- and twostory buildings • May be truss construction

TS 9– 3 ROOF LADDERS • Are equipped at tip with folding hooks for anchoring ladder to roof ridge • Are used to distribute firefighter’s weight during roof work and to prevent slipping • May also be used as single wall ladders

TS 9– 5 EXTENSION LADDERS • Are adjustable in length • Indicated length on ladder equals the length of side rails when fully extended • Are used to provide access to windows and roofs within their length limits

TS 9– 16 a GUIDELINES FOR LIFTING & LOWERING LADDERS • Have adequate personnel for the task. • Lift properly: – Bend the knees. – Keep your back as straight as possible. – Lift with your legs, not with your back or arms. • When two or more firefighters are lifting a ladder, lift on command of firefighter at rear who can see the whole operation.

TS 9– 16 b GUIDELINES FOR LIFTING & LOWERING LADDERS • Reverse the lifting procedure when it is necessary to place a ladder on the ground before raising it. – Lower the ladder with the leg muscles. – Keep your body and feet parallel to the ladder to avoid toe injury.

TS 9– 20 CORRECT LADDER PLACEMENT • Ventilation or climbing into or out of narrow windows — To windward side of window with tip about even with window top • Window rescue — Tip even with or slightly below sill, or inside window opening with two or three rungs above sill if window is wide enough • Directing streams or supporting a smoke fan — Directly in front of window with tip on wall above window

CORRECT LADDER PLACEMENT • Accessing roof — Top five rungs above roof edge

TS 9– 21 CLIMBING ANGLE • Approximately 75 degrees • Climber can stand upright and reach the rungs at arm’s length • Distance of butt from wall equals used length of ladder divided by four • Inclination marking on outside beam perfectly horizontal and vertical

TS 9– 22 GENERAL RAISING PROCEDURES • Survey for electrical hazards. • Transition from carry to raise. • Position extension ladder fly section out. • Tie the halyard. – Clove hitch around two convenient rungs – Overhand safety knot • Secure and heel.

TS 9– 22 GENERAL RAISING PROCEDURES • Survey for electrical hazards. • Transition from carry to raise. • Position extension ladder fly section out. • Tie the halyard. – Clove hitch around two convenient rungs – Overhand safety knot • Secure and heel.

TS 9– 22 GENERAL RAISING PROCEDURES • Survey for electrical hazards. • Transition from carry to raise. • Position extension ladder fly section out. • Tie the halyard. – Clove hitch around two convenient rungs – Overhand safety knot • Secure and heel.

TS 9– 9 LADDER MAINTENANCE • Keep ground ladders free of moisture. • Do not store or rest ladders in a position where they are subjected to exhaust or engine heat. • Do not store ladders in any area where they are exposed to the elements. • Do not paint ladders except for the top and bottom 12 inches (300 mm) of the beams for purposes of identification or visibility.

TS 9– 10 CLEANING LADDERS • Clean ladders after every use and before inspecting. • Use a soft-bristle brush and running water for cleaning. • Wipe the ladder dry, checking for defects.

GENERAL LADDER MAINTENANCE, INSPECTION, AND REPAIR TS 9– 11 c • Two methods of determining whether metal ladders have been exposed to high temperatures: – Water boils when sprayed on the ladder – Heat indicator label has changed color • Only trained fire service personnel or an approved testing organization should service test fire service ground ladders.

Questions!