North and Central African Societies Brittany Williams Dayshai

North and Central African Societies Brittany Williams , Dayshai. Conway , Aaron James , Ambre’el Veasley

Hunting and gathering societies • The oldest form of social organization in the world began in Africa. • Groups spread throughout Africa and they speak their own languages. • The Efe (Ay-Fay) are just one of the several hunting gathering societies in Africa.

Hunting and gathering society • Efe lived in small groups between 10 and 100 members all of whom were related. • Each family occupies its own grass and brush shelter within a camp • Their search for food makes them some what nomadic.

Age-set system • In many African societies , young people from close ties to individuals outside their lineage thought the age set system. • Men and women have different life stages, and each stage has its own duties and importance. • Societies like igbo use the discipline, community service, and leadership skills to their young

Muslim States • White state less societies developed south of the Sahara, Islam played a vital role in North Africa • As Islam spread , some African rulers converted t Islam. These African Muslim rulers than based government upon Islamic claw. • Islamic law in Islam following the law is a religious obligation.

Stateless societies • Family organization is central to African society, in many African societies, families are organized in groups called lineages • South of the Sahara many African groups developed systems of governing based on lineages in some societies lineage groups took place of rulers • Stateless societies didn’t have a centralized system of power instead authority in a stateless society was balanced among lineages of equal power.

Tracing Family Descent • In Africa societies , the way a society traces lineage determines how possessions and property are passed on and what groups individuals belong to. • Detrilineal society trace ancestors through their fathers. • Matrilineal society, children trace their ancestors through their mothers.

Almoravid Reforms • In the 11 th century, Muslim reformers founded the almoravid empire. • It’s members came from berber groups living in the western Sahara in what today is mauritania. • The movement began after devout berber Muslims made a hajj

Almohads Reformers • This group named Almohads seized the power from the Almoravids. • The Almohads began religious movement in the atlas mountains of Morrocco. • The almohads followed the techings of Ibn Tumart.

Almohads taking over! • After a pilgrimage to Mecca, Ibn later criticized Almoravids rulers for moving away from the traditional practice of Islam. • By the end of the 12 th century, they had conquered much of southern Spain. • While the Almohad empire lasted just over 100 years, it united the Maghrib under one rule for the first time.

QUi. Z ti. ME =O • Where did the oldest social organization begin? • What was the most spoken language? • How many members where in an Efe group? • What families organized in groups called? • When did the Almoravid movement begin? • Africa What ever group you were in that was the language. 10 to 100 lineage After devout berber Muslims made hajj

Quiz time =O • Which society traces their ancestors through fathers ? • Which society traces their ancestors through mothers? • What was the strategy of conquering Spain? • How long did it take Almoravids to conquer Spain? • Where did the Almohads begin their religion? • Detrilineal Mantrilineal They made some people convert to Muslims. About 20 years or more • Atlas mountains of Morrocco.

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