Normative Ethics Section 2 Consequentialism Its Critics Consequences

  • Slides: 11
Download presentation
Normative Ethics Section 2 Consequentialism & Its Critics

Normative Ethics Section 2 Consequentialism & Its Critics

Consequences and Rightness Consequences relevant to rightness of action: n intended ones n all

Consequences and Rightness Consequences relevant to rightness of action: n intended ones n all foreseeable ones. Consequences NOT relevant to rightness of action: n unforeseeable ones. Note: consequences include physical changes effected by an action. 2

Principle of Double Effect n Intended consequences of acts and omissions are morally relevant,

Principle of Double Effect n Intended consequences of acts and omissions are morally relevant, but foreseen though unintended consequences are not usually relevant. Consider why people are attracted to this principle & appraise it. 3

Principle of Double Effect § Not needed to explain judgements about certain examples (e.

Principle of Double Effect § Not needed to explain judgements about certain examples (e. g. self-defence). § These judgements can be explained better on a consequentialist basis. 4

Intentions n n Not necessarily crucial to rightness of action, but still important in

Intentions n n Not necessarily crucial to rightness of action, but still important in ethics. Enable actions to be identified. 5

Motive & Character n Morality of action as distinguishable from that of character &

Motive & Character n Morality of action as distinguishable from that of character & of motive. A consequentialist account can be given for both - morality of action - morality of character & motive. n 6

Principle of Acts & Omissions § Foreseen consequences of acts are morally relevant, but

Principle of Acts & Omissions § Foreseen consequences of acts are morally relevant, but foreseen consequences of omissions are NOT always morally relevant, and this is so even when the consequences of those acts & omissions are identical. Consider why people are attracted to this principle & appraise it. 7

Principle of Acts & Omissions § Not needed to explain judgements about certain examples

Principle of Acts & Omissions § Not needed to explain judgements about certain examples (e. g. poisoning). § These judgements can be explained better on a consequentialist basis. 8

Negative Responsibility n Agents are just as responsible for their omissions (what they don’t

Negative Responsibility n Agents are just as responsible for their omissions (what they don’t do / fail to do), as for their acts. Appraise the idea of negative responsibility. 9

Normative Theory § Theories with a place for moral rules are preferable to those

Normative Theory § Theories with a place for moral rules are preferable to those that relate solely to single actions. n n Consequentialist theories of moral rules are preferable to intuitionist ones. The former are able to appraise & justify rules. 10

Practice-consequentialism n n Practices, rather than mere abstract rules, benefit society. Those practices involve

Practice-consequentialism n n Practices, rather than mere abstract rules, benefit society. Those practices involve human solidarity. They can be actual or possible. Practice-consequentialism can address conflicting rules. 11

Consequentialism Its Difficulties PHI 2630 Consequentialism Focus onConsequentialism Its Difficulties PHI 2630 Consequentialism Focus on
Normative Ethics Section 3 Deontology Contractarianism and ConsequentialismNormative Ethics Section 3 Deontology Contractarianism and Consequentialism
CHAPTER 3 NORMATIVE TOOLS NORMATIVE ANALYSIS Normative EconomicsCHAPTER 3 NORMATIVE TOOLS NORMATIVE ANALYSIS Normative Economics
Basic Framework of Normative Ethics Normative Ethics nBasic Framework of Normative Ethics Normative Ethics n
Philosophy 220 Consequentialism and Pornography Consequentialism The BasicsPhilosophy 220 Consequentialism and Pornography Consequentialism The Basics
Consequentialism and Pornography PHILOSOPHY 220 Consequentialism The BasicsConsequentialism and Pornography PHILOSOPHY 220 Consequentialism The Basics
Normative Ethics Section 5 Practiceconsequentialism and Virtueconsequentialism NormativeNormative Ethics Section 5 Practiceconsequentialism and Virtueconsequentialism Normative
Normative Ethics Section 4 Virtue Ethics Virtue EthicsNormative Ethics Section 4 Virtue Ethics Virtue Ethics
Critics of the New Deal VIII Critics ofCritics of the New Deal VIII Critics of
Critics of the New Deal Critics of theCritics of the New Deal Critics of the