Nonverbal Messages Body Sound Chapter 6 Nonverbal Communication

Nonverbal Messages: Body & Sound Chapter 6

Nonverbal Communication • Messages expressed by other than linguistic means

I. Body Communication Kinesics- Body Positions and Motion Body Orientation Posture Gestures Emblems Illustrators Affect Displays Regulators Adaptors

• Body Orientation: The degree to which we face toward or away from someone during communication. • Posture: The alignment of or bodies • Gestures: The movement of the arms and hands

• Emblems are a nonverbal substitute for the verbal message • Deliberate nonverbal behaviors that have a very precise meaning, known to everyone within a group.

Illustrators visually demonstrate & accompany the verbal message The fish was this big

Affect Displays any emotional response

Regulators group of behaviors that encourage or discourage communication

Adaptors satisfy some need

Facial Communication the communication of emotions • A. Face Management – Intensifying = exaggerate expression. – De-intensifying = to underplay an expression – Neutralizing = to hide any expression of feelings – Masking = to replace one expression with another

Eye Communication Functions of Eye Contact 1. 2. 3. seek feedback regulate the flow of communication signal the nature of the relationship a. duration & quality

Paralanguage the vocal, but nonverbal, dimension of speech. Refers to the manner in which you say something rather than what you say • • • A. B. C. D. E. F. Rate Volume Pitch Rhythm Silence Disfluencies

I need this job done right now. •

I. Spatial Messages • A. Edward T. Hall’s 4 Spatial Distances Intimate Personal Social Public

1. Intimate: 0 - 18” 2. Personal: 18” - 4’

3. Social: 4’ -12’ 4. Public: 12 -25’

B. Theories About Space • 1. Protection Theory = you establish a body buffer zone around yourself as protection against unwanted touching or attack

• 2. Equilibrium Theory = intimacy and distance vary together

Territoriality = possessive reaction to objects/area • A. Home Field Advantage • B. Markers 1. central = place items in the middle to show ownership

2. boundary = separates your territory from another

3. ear marker = identifying mark of property

III. Artifacts = messages conveyed by objects that were made by human hands • A. Space Decoration • B. Color Communication • C. Clothing & Body Adornment

D. Scent (Olfactics) • • 1. 2. 3. 4. Attraction Taste Memory Identification

III. Temporal Communication (Chronemics) A. Cultural Time

1. formal time = manner in which culture defines time 2. informal time = loose use of time terms

B. Monochronism & Polychronism • 1. monochronic (M-time) = value punctuality, one event at a time • 2. polychronic (P-time) =process is more important than the schedule a. do not value punctuality b. do many events at once

C. Psychological Time = emphasis on past, present, or future 1. developed by your culture (SES, frame of reference)