Nonverbal Intercultural Communication CHAPTER 8 PREVIEW MAIN POINTS

Nonverbal Intercultural Communication CHAPTER 8

PREVIEW MAIN POINTS I. Definition of Nonverbal Codes II. Defining Nonverbal Codes: 1. Characteristics of Nonverbal Codes 2. Relationship of Nonverbal to Verbal Comm. III. Cultural Universal in Nonverbal Comm. IV. Cultural Variations in Nonverbal Comm. Body Movements, Space, Touch, Time, Voice, Others. . . V. Nonverbal Messages in Intercultural Comm. VI. Synchrony of Nonverbal Comm. Codes VII. Nonverbal Comm. and Intercultural Competence

I. Definition of Nonverbal Codes n Is a multichanneled process that is usually performed spontaneously and subconsciously… n Nonverbal codes and verbal codes are inseparably linked together…

II. DEFINING NONVERBAL CODES: A. Characteristics of Nonverbal Codes n Is a “silent language”… n Is continuous and natural… n There are not dictionaries of formal sets of rules… n Is less precise… Examples…

II. DEFINING NONVERBAL CODES: B. Relationship of Nonverbal to Verbal Communication Accent: Examples… n Complement: Examples… n Contradict: Examples… n Regulate: Examples… n Substitute: Examples… n

III. Cultural Universal in Nonverbal Comm. : 1. Shoulder shrug. 2. Facial expressions, and 3. The need to be territorial. IV. Cultural Variations in Nonverbal Comm. : A. Nonverbal Communication must be interpreted in the context of the culture in which it occurs 1. Cultures differ in the specific repertoire of behaviors that are enacted. Examples: body positions, … 2. Cultures have unique sets of display rules for nonverbal behaviors (what is required, preferred, permitted, or prohibited). Examples… 3. Cultures vary in the interpretations or meanings of nonverbal behaviors. . . (Types of interpretation: Random, Idiosyncratic, Shared) B. Nonverbal repertoires (rules and interpretation) are not taught verbally.

IV. Nonverbal Messages in Intercultural Comm. n Body Movements (Kinesics): u Emblems, Illustrators, Affect displays, Regulators, Adaptors. Examples… n Space (Proxemics): Hall’s four spatial zones. Examples… Touch (Haptics). Examples… n Time (Chronemics): Monochronic/Polychronic n (Past, present, and future-oriented). Examples… Voice (Vocalics): pitch, rate, volume… n Others (Chemical, Dermal, Physical and Artifactual code n systems) Examples…

V. Synchrony of Nonverbal Comm. Codes n Cultures train members to synchronize various nonverbal behaviors… n This synchronization forms a response pattern of the culture… n Variations in responses parterns are clearly noticed… n Competent nonverbal behavior requires appropriate coordination…

VI. Nonverbal Comm. and Intercultural Competence n The rules and norms that govern nonverbal comm. are both culturespecific and learned unconsciously n Nonverbal Comm. operates largely outside of one’s conscious awareness. n Monitoring one’s emotional reactions to differences in nonverbal behaviors alerts a person to the interpretations he or she is making. n Observe general tendencies in nonverbal behavior of different cultural groups. n One can practice the ability to observe, evaluate, and behave in effective ways during intercultural encounters

PREVIEW MAIN POINTS I. Definition of Nonverbal Codes II. Defining Nonverbal Codes: 1. Characteristics of Nonverbal Codes 2. Relationship of Nonverbal to Verbal Comm. III. Cultural Universal in Nonverbal Comm. IV. Cultural Variations in Nonverbal Comm. Body Movements, Space, Touch, Time, Voice, Others. . . V. Nonverbal Messages in Intercultural Comm. VI. Synchrony of Nonverbal Comm. Codes VII. Nonverbal Comm. and Intercultural Competence