Non Ferrous Metals Aluminum Relatively new material Requires

Non Ferrous Metals

Aluminum ¡ ¡ Relatively new material Requires little energy to produce l ¡ 10 kwh for each pound Ore is generally strip mined

Commercially Pure Aluminum ¡ Why we use it l l l ¡ It is light weight – 1/3 weight of steel and cooper Excellent corrosion characteristics Surface lends it self to many types of finishes High electrical conductor Good reflector of heat and light Easy to weld Disadvantages l l Low strength Not able to be heat treated

Aluminum Alloys Small amounts of manganese increase the strength of aluminum ¡ Silicon or magnesium or both together produces good corrosion resistance much improved strength ¡ Copper zinc produce alloys high strength to weight ratios ¡

Fabrication of Aluminum products ¡ ¡ Aluminum made by reduction furnace pot – element is heat to get separation of element and impurities Element removed and placed into ingots Ingots cooled and shipped away to fabrication facilities Rolling – extruding – forging and casting l Rolling – heated metal is passed through rollers to set desire shape ¡ Used to produce plates, sheets, bars, rods l l Extruding – heated aluminum passes through a die ¡ l l Plate is. 25 in. or larger Sheet. 006 to. 25 in Foil is less then. 006 in. Used to produce structural shapes, architectural shapes, electrical bar conductors Forging – heated metal pushed into desire shapes Casting – heated metal poured into mold

Aluminum uses ¡ ¡ ¡ Door window jambs Flashing Curtain wall panel frames Thresholds Threads Handrails Rails Mullions Gravel stops Sliding Gutters wire

Copper Ore first crushed then ground into pulp ¡ Wetted copper tends to float ¡ Froth overflows ¡ Heat creates to layers ¡ l l Matte of copper Slag of impurities disregarded

Brass ¡ Copper and zinc l l ¡ ¡ Zinc 5 to 40% Copper 65 to 70% Rich color Resistance to saltwater

Bronzes ¡ Copper and tin l ¡ ¡ Tin 10% High strength Corrosion resistance

Copper and copper alloy uses ¡ Copper used outdoors for color and resistance