NOISE AND WORKPLACE NOISE MEASUREMENTS Hseyin SEZEK Physicist

NOISE AND WORKPLACE NOISE MEASUREMENTS Hüseyin SEZEK Physicist İSGÜM Kocaeli Regional Chief Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 1

Content - Introduction to Physical Factor Measurements - Noise Measurements - Methods - Equipment - Measurement and Evaluation - Report - Related Legal Regulation - Noise Measurement and Evaluation Practices Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 2

A QUICK GLANCE TO THE OTHER PHYSICAL FACTORS - Vibration - T. Comfort Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 3

EQUIPMENT USED Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 4

WORKPLACE MEASUREMENTS HAND – ARM VIBRATION WHOLE BODY VIBRATION Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 5

Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 6

HAND-ARM VIBRATION EXPOSURE CALCULATION TS EN ISO 5349 -1 and 2 Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 7

THERMAL COMFORT * Kişinin bulunduğu termal çevreden memnuniyetini ifade eden zihin algılaması. (ISO 7730) * Ortalama giyimli bir insanın ne çok sıcak ne çok soğuk hissetmesi. Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 9

FACTORS AFFECTING THERMAL COMFORT *ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS: - Air Temperature - Radiant Temperature - Air flow - Humidity *PERSONAL FACTORS : - Clothing - Metabolic rate Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 10

Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 11

EQUIPMENT USED Wet Bulb Glob Temperature WBGT Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 12

TS EN 27243 Hot environments; estimation of the heat stress on working man, based on the WBGT-index (wet bulb globe temperature) Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 13

Occupational Health and Safety Bylaw (İ. S. İ. G. T) (Article 20) ve (Article 21) Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr “In closed workplaces sıcaklık ve nem derecesinin, yapılan işin niteliğine uygun olmakla beraber it must be warm esastır. Temperature must be between 15 ºC and 30 ºC at workplaces having steam a lot, . Yapılan işin niteliğine göre sürekli olarak çok sıcak veya çok soğuk bir derecede çalışılması ve bu durumun değiştirilmemesi zorunlu olunan hallerde, işçilere kendilerini fazla sıcaktan ve soğuktan koruyacak özellikte iş elbisesi v. s. malzeme verilecektir” hükmü bulunmaktadır. “Closed workplaces must be ventilated thoroughly at least once in a day. Ayrıca işçilerin çalışma sürelerinde işin özelliği, havanın sağlığa zararlı bir hal almaması için sık değiştirilmelidir. İş sırasında yapılan bu havalandırma işçileri etkileyecek hava akımları önlenecek, yada kış aylarında sıcaklık ani olarak çok aşağı hadlere düşürülmeyecektir. At workplaces, where suffocating, toxic or irritant gas exist çalışanların sağlıklarının tehlikeye girmemesi için ventilation installation must be made ve işçilere ayrıca yapılan işin özelliğine göre maske ve diğer koruyucu araç ve gereçler verilecektir. ”hükümleri yer almaktadır. 14

ASHRAE Standard-55 -2004 Conditions Acceptable temperature °C °F Rel. humidity 30% 24. 5 - 28 76 - 82 Rel. humidity 60% 23 - 25. 5 74 - 78 Rel. humidity 30% 20. 5 - 25. 5 69 - 78 Rel. humidity 60% 20 - 24 68 - 75 Summer (cloth. isolation = 0. 5 clo) Winter (cloth. isolation = 1. 0 clo) Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr Source: National Research Council (Canada) Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort in Open-Plan Offices, Construction Technology Update No. 64 , October 2005 http: //irc. nrc-cnrc. gc. ca/pubs/ctus/64_e. html 15

WBGT CALCULATION *Directly exposure to sun light: WBGT= 0, 7*Temp wet bulb + 0, 2*Tempglobe+0, 1*Tempair *Generally indoor: WBGT= 0, 7* Tempwet bulb + 0, 3* Tempglobe *If environment conditions changes: (TWA) WBGT=WBGT 1 *t 1+WBGT 2 *t 2+. . . . +WBGTN*tn t 1 +t 2 +. . . . +tn Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 16

ILLUMINATION Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 17

TS EN 12464 -1 Light and lighting - Lighting of work places - Part 1: Indoor work places Occup. Health and Safety Baylaw Recomended Lighting Values No Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr Division Limit Value (lux) 1 Open area, entrance roads 20 2 Indoor roads, stairs 50 3 Transporting and storing 50 4 Basic assembly works Boiler house, storage area, lift cabines, 5 dressing areas, mashine room, dining room, toilets 6 Normal mounting, rough work counters, 100 7 Areas where made detailed works 300 8 Office, works requiring care 500 9 Delicate works 1000 100 200 18

NOISE EXPOSURE MEASUREMENTS AND REPORT AT OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 19

SOUND: is a wave stemming from vibration of objects and proceeding in constricting-expansion shaped from place to another place in a suitable media. Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 20

Interval of Sound Frequency A young and healthy ear generally hears the sounds among 20 Hz. and 20000 Hz. Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 21

NOISE, Generally, it is defined as unwanted and disturbing sound. Pressure Changes in a Medium Caused by Vibrations or Turbulence Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 22

Noise at Industry is defined as sounds affecting workers physiologically and affecting work-output negatively. Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 23

NOISE TYPES - Stable noise (automatized factories) - Unstable noise (shipyard building) - Impulse noise (weapon) -………. Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 24

Hearing Loss resulting from noise is an occupational disease for employees. Factors are: 1 - Intensity, 2 - Frequency, 3 - Duration, 4 - Sensibility, 5 - Age, 6 - Gender Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 25

Possible Effects of Noise on You o Temporary Hearing Loss o Permanent Hearing Loss o Low Birth Weight o Premature Birth o Anxiety o Nervousness o Sleep Loss o Digestive Disorders o Aggravation of Ulcers Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr o Hypertension o Increases Heart Rate o Increased Blood Pressure o Increase in Respiration and Oxygen Consumption o Increase in Sweating o Disruption in Communications 26

Equivalent Continual Sound Level An average RMS level obtained via being divided of total acoustical energy, which belongs to measured sound pressure levels in a certain T-period, to measurement time and calculated electronically. Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 27

pain treshold damaging music speaking hearing Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 28

Common Decibel Levels Jet Engine Private Plane Power Saw Chain Saw Rock Concert Leaf Blower Hair Dryer Video Arcade Explosion Gun Shot Tel: Lawn Mower Normal Speech +90 (312) 215 50 21 140 130 Faks: Snowmobile +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 Decibels 29

EQUIPMENTS USED Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 30

Type 0: Laboratory standard Type 1: Precise (Lab. and area) SOUND LEVEL METER Type 2: Versatile (generally area) Type 3: Control (area) DOSIMETERS Cabled/Non-cabled Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 31

Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 32

Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr A scale: for human hearing B scale: by telephone companies C scale: for all sounds 33

DISPLAY Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 34

LEGAL REGULATION 6/2/2003 date and 2003/10/EC directive based Noise Regulation with 23/12/2003 date and 25325 number came into force on 23/12/2006 n Adopts daily personal exposure Bases on TSE 2607 standard about measurement method and calculation of exposure n mentions about necessary measures to protect employees from harmful effects of noise and oblige employer to ensure them taking needed responsibility on this subject n Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 35

NOISE EXPOSURE LIMIT VALUE LEX, 8 h = 87 d. B (A) ve ppeak = 200 µ Pa= 140 d. B(C) !!! You must take into consideration SNR values of ear protection!!! Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 36

NOISE ACTION VALUES the highest action value Lex, 8 h = 85 d. B (A) ppeak = 137 d. B (C) the lowest action value Lex, 8 h = 80 d. B (A) ppeak = 135 d. B (C) Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 37

AT WORKPLACE SURVEYS - in accordance with TS EN 2607 ISO 1999 Determination of occupational noise exposure and estimation of noise-induced hearing impairment TS EN ISO 9612 standards Determination of occupational noise exposure - Engineering method (ISO/FDIS 9612: 2008) Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr - at all working areas where workers are, - with type 1 sound level meters with compatible IEC 651/804 standard and IEC 61252 noise dosimeters, personal noise exposures have been measured. 38

before measuring noise we should know… o divisions of factory and number of workers o at what division which worker? by what equiments? and how long? o grouping of who make the same work / who work at the same division o noise types (stable, unstable, peak) Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr o work frequency routine work or more/lower) 39

ACOUSTIC CALIBRATION Calibration Before and after measurements you must calibrate the sound level meter or dosimeter. This process ensures you to control whether the equipment works well or not. Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 40

NOISE MEASUREMENT WITH “SLM” Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 41

DAILY EXPOSURE CALCULATION Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 42

TS 2607 ISO 1999: 2005 daily exposure calculation for different works LEX, 8 h=LAeq, Te+10 log (Te/T 0) Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 43

DAILY EXPOSURE CALCULATION (LAeq d. B) Time (min) 1/T Görev 1 100 5 Görev 2 70 120 Görev 3 99, 6 5 Görev 4 92, 7 60 Görev 5 62, 8 240 Görev 6 89, 4 50 iç formül Total time 480 252531260238 0, 002083333 üs 1 üs 2 LAeq, T (d. B)= 87, 21073909 10000000 LEX, 8 h (d. B)= 87, 21073909 üs 3 üs 4 9120108394 1862087137 üs 5 üs 6 1905460, 718 870963590 Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr Te (dak) T 0 (dak) 480 leq 1/10 leq 2/10 leq 3/10 leq 4/10 leq 5/10 44 leq 6/10

POSITON OF MICROPHONE IN INDOOR Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 45

Height of microphone from ground Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 46

REPORT Division / Worker 1 NOLU KIRMA FABRİKASI (Makinist işçileri) Turgut SULU Ekrem ACAR Münir GÜL DOLUM ÜNİTESİ Mehmet Demirci ÖN LAZER Kabin işçileri ÖN LAZER Seçkin ÇİLELİ Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr ÖN LAZER Nurcan ATMACA (Leq, d. B( A) Time min. Kumanda Odası 72, 9 290 98, 1 Kırma Kontrol Ortamı 95, 5 30 119, 5 42 / 0, 7 2. Kat Kabuklu elekler 91, 5 30 109, 9 107 / 1, 8 2. Kat İç Ambar 84, 8 30 3. Kat Kabuklu elekler 97, 9 30 114, 9 25 / 0, 4 3. Kat İç Ambar 92, 6 30 111, 6 83 / 1, 4 4. Kat 97, 8 30 115, 1 25 / 0, 4 Merdivenler 86, 3 10 109, 5 355 / 5, 9 Kantar dolum 89, 3 120 108, 7 177 / 2, 9 Toz elek ve ortam 88, 7 360 106, 4 205 / 3, 4 Kabin 1 (Girişte sağda) 99, 1 480 99, 1 116, 8 19 / 0, 3 Kabin 2 (Girişte solda) 99, 6 480 99, 6 116, 8 17 / 0, 3 Kabin 3 (Girişte karşıda) 98, 3 480 98, 3 116, 7 22 / 0, 4 Forklift işçisi İçeriden yük alma ve dışarı yük indirme 87, 6 480 87, 6 112, 4 263 / 4, 4 Kantar İşçisi 95, 6 480 95, 6 111, 3 47/ 0, 7 42 The sort of work (Lex, 8) d. B(A) 90, 9 88, 9 Ppeak d. B(C) Max. permiss ible time without PPE 104, 0

REPORT Division / Worker 1 NOLU KIRMA FABRİKASI (Makinist işçileri) Turgut SULU Ekrem ACAR Münir GÜL DOLUM ÜNİTESİ Mehmet Demirci ÖN LAZER Kabin işçileri ÖN LAZER Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr Seçkin ÇİLELİ ÖN LAZER Nurcan ATMACA The sort of work Act. Level in ear LET d. B Protection level (LC, d. B(C) SNR Kumanda Odası 85, 0 28 66 High Kırma Kontrol Ortamı 97, 0 28 78 Good 2. Kat Kabuklu elekler 92, 0 28 73 Acceptable 2. Kat İç Ambar 85, 9 28 66, 9 High 3. Kat Kabuklu elekler 97, 9 28 78, 9 Good 3. Kat İç Ambar 93, 9 28 74, 9 Acceptable 4. Kat 98, 2 28 79, 2 Good Merdivenler 91, 0 28 72 Acceptable Kantar dolum 89, 2 28 70, 2 Acceptable Toz elek ve ortam 91, 0 28 70, 2 Acceptable Kabin 1 (Girişte sağda) 99, 5 28 76, 5 Good Kabin 2 (Girişte solda) 99, 8 28 76, 8 Good Kabin 3 (Girişte karşıda) 99, 4 28 76, 4 Good Forklift işçisi İçeriden yük alma ve dışarı yük indirme 89, 9 28 66, 9 High Kantar İşçisi 97, 2 48 28 74, 2 Acceptable

Noise mapping ? ? Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 49

ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE MEASUREMENT - different ministry and regulation - strategic noise maps - Lden (day, evening, night noise indicator) - different standards and methods - highway traffic noise - railway noise Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 50

Bring health and safety forward please… ﺍ hsezek@csgb. gov. tr Tel: +90 (312) 215 50 21 Faks: +90 (312) 215 50 28 e-posta: isggm@csgb. gov. tr http: //isggm. calisma. gov. tr 51