NOAA Integrated Ocean Observing System IOOS Zdenka S

NOAA Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Zdenka S. Willis Director, NOAA IOOS Program Office 19 September ® 1

Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) • 70 Member Countries & the European Commission • 46 International Organizations • A distributed system of systems – Improves coordination of strategies and observation systems – Links all platforms: in situ, aircraft, and satellite networks – Identifies gaps in our global capacity – Facilitates exchange of data and information – Improves decision-makers’ abilities to address pressing policy issues – GOOS is the global ocean component of GEOSS ® 2

U. S. IOOS Vision • Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) – Enable rapid assessments of current states of marine and estuarine systems, and the timely detection and prediction of changes in them, through the continual provision of routine and reliable data and information in forms and at rates specified by the users. – Complex undertaking dependent on federal, regional, state, local, academic, & private sector contributions Example of a regional observing system in Monterey Bay, CA Provide the right information, in the right format, at the right time, to the right people, to make the right decisions. ® 3

Background on NOAA’s IOOS Focus Organize for Success • Establish NOAA IOOS Program Office – Lead and manage NOAA’s IOOS efforts • Support external collaboration – Identify and encourage similar data integration, test and evaluation approach by partners Integrate Data • Develop an Initial Operating Capability: Data Integration Framework (DIF). – Integrate priority IOOS core variables and deliver to end users and models – Quantify product improvements NOAA IOOS Definition: The U. S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) is a coordinated network of people and technology that work together to generate and disseminate continuous data on our coastal waters, Great Lakes, and oceans. IOOS is our nation’s ocean contribution to an international effort called the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS), which is designed to continuously and comprehensively monitor Earth and transmit observations globally. IOOS supports both a coastal and global component of ocean observing. ® 4

IOOS Program Office IOOS Oversight NOAA’s Organizational Relationships NOAA IOOS Activities Interagency Connections NOAA Administrator Interagency Committee on Ocean Science and Resource Management Integration (ICOSRMI) NOAA Ocean Council NOAA Observing System Council NOS Assistant Administrator OAR Assistant Administrator NOAA IOOS Program Office Director IOOS Project Management Observations Ocean. US Program Operations Guidance & Capacity & Requiremen Capabilities ts Data Management & Communications Education Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology (JSOST) Interagency Working Group on Ocean Observations (IWGOO) Regional Coastal Component Modeling & Analysis Research Leveraging existing NOAA-wide capabilities ® 5

IOOS Program Activities Strategic Plan • The NOAA IOOS strategic plan will serve as the guiding document to inform business operations and technical planning • IOOS Program Office held strategic planning workshop, which included participants from all NOAA Line Offices, as well as NDBC, CSC, NOAA Budget, and PPI • The draft plan is in the review process and will be finalized late summer – to early fall. • Consistent with IWGOO Strategic Plan Legislation • IOOS legislation is proposed in the 110 th Congress Ø The House introduced two IOOS bills Ø Senate bill S. 950 authorizing IOOS was recently reported out of Committee • FY 08 Senate Appropriations Language ® Program Operating Plan Alternatives & Quads Communication/Engagement • Communication: Distribute Z-grams • Regional: Visited regions • Industry: Briefed 4 Industry Forum • IWGOO: Provides Ex. Sec; IWGOO Strategy • Interagency: USACE/NOAA IOOS wave plan effort 6

NOAA’s IOOS Mission “Lead the integration of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes observing capabilities, in collaboration with Federal and non-federal partners, to maximize access to data and generation of information products to inform decision making and promote social, economic, and environmental benefit to our nation and the world. ” Example of an integrated ocean observation system Source: Draft NOAA IOOS Strategic Plan ® 7

Integrate Data: NOAA Mission Requirements Drive Data Integration Needs Problems Information Needs The global climate is not well understood Characterize the state of the global climate system and its variability Coastal populations are at risk from weather, climate & natural hazards Improved models (e. g. , hurricane intensity, coastal inundation, and harmful algal bloom model) Our ocean, coastal and Great Lakes ecosystems are complex; many are at risk Improved ecosystem assessments Expanding the Marine Transportation System Improved access to data, and scientific information Updated management approaches ® IOOS Core Variables NOAA Decision Tools Temperature Salinity Sea Level Surface currents Ocean color Bathymetry Surface waves Ice distribution Integration Contaminants Long-term data Dissolved nutrients series, coordinated Fish species in space and time Fish abundance Zooplankton species Optical properties Heat flux Bottom character Pathogens Dissolved O 2 Phytoplankton species Zooplankton abundance Hurricane Intensity Model Coastal Inundation Model Harmful Algal Bloom Model Integrated Ecosystem Assessment 8

Core Variable Integration Problem: Temperature (Example) PLATFORM Data Distribution NOAA Ship Synoptic NCDC NOAA Ships ARGO Delayed data ARGO Profiling Archive NOAA Ship Archive GDAC Tropical Moored Buoys Weather Buoys NDBC Drifting Buoys NODC DART C-MAN SWIM NCDDC SWMP NERRS CDMO VOS (xbt) OAR CREIOS NMFS NWLON AOML PACIFIC I. FSC CO-OPS Single Sat. Pass Data Satellites Multiple Sat. Pass Data ® OSDPP COAST WATCH CLASS 9

Decision Tools: Integrated Core Variables for Models CORE VARIABLES NOAA MODELS • Temperature Hurricane Intensity Model • Sea Level Coastal Inundation Model Process Flow Current State • Insufficient access to Evaluate NOAA models that impact highestpriority problems Integrate variables needed to achieve benchmarked improvements • Surface currents • Ocean Color • Salinity Identify additional source(s) of error within model Select next set of priority core variables based on impacts to NOAA products ® • Integration of real-time, temperature = increased accuracy of hurricane intensity predictions • Sea level data Quantify progress toward defined modeling improvements Identify remaining IOOS core variables needed to reduce error subsurface temperature observations needed used to inform model MODELING IMPROVEMENTS (future state) None? • • Temperature Salinity Ocean Color Surface currents • Sea level (various sources and • Expedited development of formats) integrated on coastal inundation forecasts for site-by-site basis for Southeast and Gulf use in model • Wind data and marine Harmful Algal Bloom Model Integrated Ecosystem Assessment forecasts used as proxy to determine currents • NOAA compiles and • Improved bloom trajectory forecast • Enable development of national HAB forecast with integrated currents • Assess current conditions • Forecast ecological health integrates suite of based on existing management data required for each strategies assessment • Evaluate impacts of alternate management strategies 10

Data Integration Framework (DIF) Months 0 -12 Month 18 Integration of 5 IOOS Core Variables Integrated Variable Ingest for Select Data Products Month 24 Test & Evaluation Month 36 Benchmarked Product Improvements for Operational Use NOAA 5 Core Variables Temperature Salinity Sea Level Currents Color Hurricane Intensity Model Enhanced decision support through: Systems Engineering: Coastal Inundation Model NOAA IOOS Data Integration Framework Data Standards Data Access & Exchange Salinity Sea Level gaps • Validated enhanced • Test & Evaluation Harmful Algal Bloom Model • Verification & Validation Integrated Ecosystem Assessment Currents information services for NOAA programs • Identify observation Enhancement Systems Engineering & Standards Development Temperature • Product • Integrated Coastal Inundation Model Harmful Algal Bloom Model Integrated Ecosystem Assessment data products • NOAA’s Data Integration Framework NOAA MISSION OBJECTIVES Color REGIONAL COASTAL NEEDS Future State: External sources of 5 Core Variables (consistent with NOAA standards) • Regional-coastal data integration for • Regional scale data and information products and services ® 11

Harmful Algal Bloom Data Flow Focus Area Harmful Algal Bloom Transport simulation for the forecast ® 12

Summary of Customer Needs • Common Thread – All wanted additional observations and easier access to data – Efficiency gains identified as a result of improved data access. • Specific Customer Comments – Hurricane Intensity • Timely access to standardized quality control data • Access to regional Observations – Harmful Algal Blooms • Improved data transport into “HAB” model • Standard formats and distribution of currents (NDBC and others) • Standard formats and distribution of NOAA ocean model outputs – Integrated Ecosystem Assessment • Subsetting capability and standard naming units • Access to time series data for each of the priority parameters – Coastal Inundation • Streamlined access to latest bathymetry and topography in common formats • Access to timely regional observations • Standard data formats and additional water level data to validate the accuracy of their inundation model forecasts ® 13

Temperature Interoperability Test May/ June 2007 DATA NCDDC OGC WFS version 1. 0. 0 Color Currents NWS CORMP OGC WFS version 1. OPe. NDAP OGC WFS Sea level Temperature Salinity Temp CSC Jim Boyd, John Ulmer, Daniel Martin CO-OPS W 3 C SOAP Data Access & Exchange NERRS/ CDMO W 3 C SOAP Go. MOOS W 3 C SOAP Web services OPe. NDAP SEACOOS OPe. NDAP DRDS Status: Report Complete Data Metadata • Incompatible data formats • Metadata generally missing • Inconsistent Data structures Information Technology • Different forms of temporal/spatial expressions • OPe. NDAP servers unavailable • Different data dictionaries/vocabularies • Transport protocols generally correct, some outdated • Varying formats for lat/long ® 14

DATA Color Currents Sea level Salinity Temp Data Standards Functional Categories Data Discovery Grids D A T Y P E S Data Transport & Access Metadata Uniform on -line Browse Data Archive IT Security QC/QA X X P P Time Series X X P P Movingsensor ? ? Profiles X X P P Scattered Points Trajectories Geospatial Mapping data Metadata ® X = Addressing; P = partially addressing; ? = under review; Remainder of the standards reviewed in following efforts 15

Standard Processes (All Welcome) NOAA DIF Process IOOS DMAC Process STANDARDS SOLICITED IDENTIFY STANDARDS FOR NOAA DIF IMPLEMENTATION SUBMITTED 45 DMAC-ST TECHNICAL REVIEW DEPLOY INITIAL NOAA DIF PROPOSED IMPLEMENTED STANDARDS FOR COMMUNITY REUSE 0 DMAC-ST NON-TECHNICAL DOCUMENT FOR DMAC-ST PROCESS FORMAT NOAA DIF EXPERIENCE Days Experience Informs Evaluation 120 PUBLIC COMMENT DMAC-ST EVALUATION 270+ RECOMMENDED ® 16

National HF Radar Plan • 85 HFR Sites x 700 Pts/Site = 59500 Data Pts • • • Figure from SCCOOS website ® Version 0. 1 Standards: Submitted to NOAA IOOS – in work The system, by Nov 07, will have 3 redundant national servers plus 4 regional servers that feed into the 3 national servers. FY 07 IOOS Funds Increased Coverage Requirement in NOAA PPBES FY 10 -14 (early in the cycle) 17

Regional Capacity • Register produced by NOAA CSC and NMSP • 679 platforms registered, 1969 distinct parameters • NOAA NDBC processes 2. 5 M observations (physical) • Capacity Exists • Integration into National IOOS • Optimization • Operations, Maintenance ® 18

Integrated Ocean Observing ® 19

IOOS Challenges • Technical – Not easy to integrate data from many sources – Need to provide data in formats and rates that are useful for broad array of applications • Program – IOOS is not “owned” by 1 agency or entity – Difficult to engineer a cohesive and operation system with many stakeholders that contribute to and use the system Example of ocean and coastal observation data. • Budget – Fiscal constraints always an issue (no one agency can do it all) – Coordinating federal budget requests across agencies is not typical and not easy – Moving from earmarks to merit based awards ® IOOS Observation Registry - many data sources from around the U. S. 20

Summary • IOOS is maturing, but more work needed to evolve IOOS into a fully operational system. • NOAA IOOS Program Stood Up – focused on execution – In Presidents Budget in FY 08 • DIF effort supports NOAA, regional and other federal integration – Standards – Technical Processes – Lessons learned • NOAA engagement with Interagency Partners – Through Ocean. US and IWGOO – E. g. OOI/IOOS Industry Work Shop; USACE • NOAA engaged with Regions – Developing processes for long term sustainability relationship – Integrating Regional capacity into National IOOS ® 21