NIGERIAN ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING FELLOWS FORUM TRAINING ENGINEERING

NIGERIAN ACADEMY OF ENGINEERING FELLOWS FORUM TRAINING ENGINEERING MANPOWER for 20 20 20 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 1

VISION 20 20 20 New York Wall Street (G-S), around 2005, forecast Nigeria could be among the world’s largest 20 economies By year 2025 Given its economic growth trajectory then The Nigerian government, at the time, said Lets do it by 20 20 Or words to that effect Hence 20: 2020 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 2

How’s Nigerian engineering Now ? Engineering: Practical application of Science Industry and Commerce Industry Low industrial level High activity in Oil and Gas Low indigenous participation/ownership Energy and electric power ? Commerce and Services IT Transportation Environmental economics 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 3

Nigerian Engineers How effective in Manufacturing Construction Energy Mining Research, teaching Consultancy Commerce Finance Government Management 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 4

Where, what Nigerians, including Engineers, wish Nigerians demand Today Self reliance Industry, processing Mining Energy Food production, Health Employment Manufacturing (machines, fabrication, goods) Market and investment Technical entrepreneurship 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 5

What’s in a Date (2020) Man (engineer) is exhorted Conquer and dominate Nature (S & T) No date was given So, 2020 As a Symbolic time, some Focus Whether 2020, or 2025, or. . . . 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 6

Capitalism, Unfettered Free Market Socialist, controlled, planned economies seem to have failed Soviet type political economies out of date Profit eyeing China emerging economic giant Unfettered, free-wheeling profit seeking capitalism seems in trouble Unethical dealing by products of the top capitalist Schools Unearned, credit based life styles and standards Unelected prime ministers taking over 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 7

Any Lessons from INDIA ? Indians were admonished (PM Indira Ghandi) If you must use it, make it Result up till the early 90 s Approached self sufficiency in quantity, if uncompetitive Industrial goods Consumer goods Food Poverty High ratio between rich and poor 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 8

S & T in Old India Ancient India excelled, from narrations and relics Temples, Metal works , alloys, in idols, swords, etc Ornaments, cotton, silk fabrics Modern S & T in India First technical institution in 1794 (surveying) Total of 4 technical institutions by 1859 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 9

Higher education in India Graduate population (circ 2008) Only 7%, but over 80 million, larger than most whole nations 57% of professors are reportedly lacking in Masters or Ph. D degrees Private education Market is 5% Value $40 bn in 2008 Estimated $68 bn (over N 10 tr) in 2012 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 10

Expanding Human Capital in India In year 2008 alone, India added 45 higher educational institutions 30 institutes of technology (IITs), management, science, etc 15 “central universities’’ A 2007/2008 report of India’s National Knowledge Commission recommended 1, 500 16/11/2011 new universities V I Maduka 11

Engineering Education in India In 2007 Engineering degree-granting schools Numbered 1, 668 (up from 50 in 1950) Admissions 582, 000 pa Polytechnics in 2011 Numbered 1, 244 Intake 285, 000 p a Pro-rate for Nigeria, population 167 M (2011) 16/11/2011 155 strictly engineering universities Admitting 58, 000 students pa Plus 124 polytechnics Admitting 28, 00 students p a V I Maduka 12

India’s Vision 2020: Towards a Knowledge Society From: Higher Technical Education in India. Profile of Growth and Future Perspectives Indian Economy growing at 7 -8% pa Workforce aims to meet Entire world’s shortage of technical and professional graduates India as world premier environment for Scientific, technological research, and development New businesses, enterprises, innovation At home and abroad, including outsourcing 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 13

Qualitative Targets India desires Cleaner cities Citizens More modern More enlightened, more responsible Institutions More effective More responsive S. Korea, or some other Knowledge economy “Post knowledge “, post-PC economy 2050 vision These would all be subsequently translated into Quantities 16/11/2011 What cannot be counted cannot be measured ? V I Maduka 14

S & T in Old Nigeria Ancient Nigerian S & T: Earliest iron working site in the world (Opi) World’s earliest and largest stone tool lead production (Okigwe) Modern S & T in Nigeria (in the 1940 s) School of Survey, Oyo Higher College, Yaba 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 15

For Nigeria, a Tall Order Nigeria’s Vision 2010 was essentially quantitative Happy, healthy, peaceful, informed society, etc Nigeria’s Vision 20 -2020 more quantitative To be among the 20 largest economies by year 2020, Nigeria will Climb from 44 th/42 nd position or so Grow GDP from about $200 bn to about $1 bn Grow annually at 15% or more for most of those years 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 16

GDP figures 20 th position now Poland Nigeria currently 44, 41 in position GDP $193/202 bn India currently 9 th position GDP with GDP $470 bn approx about $1, 600 Bn ($1. 6 tr) For complete picture USA 1 st or 2 nd to EU depending on source EU $16 tr, USA 14. 5 tr 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 17

Catching up Nigeria 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 18

Tall Order, but Nigerian engineering university output will need to grow faster than 15% pa As driver of the economy, after the Indian model In reaction to the free market demand of the economy (demand driven) Polytechnic education to deliver at least one half of university output (Indian model) Implication for secondary school science Teachers statistics Infrastructure 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 19

DISCUSSION Power, . . for example Low supply has not been able to trigger innovative solution Beyond the Diesel generator (Institute of Venture Design) Even beyond the Telecom revolution Power could lead to exponential growth Industries Demand for Engineers 16/11/2011 V I Maduka 20

END 16/11/2011 THANK YOU V I Maduka 21