NIFPS For Transformer VG PATEL TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER

NIFPS For Transformer VG PATEL

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS Nitrogen Injection Fire Protection System (NIFPS) for Transformer Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 2

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS Background v As per latest amendment of IE rules, any transformer containing 2000 litters or more must be protected against fire. v In earlier days fir protection for the transformer was done through fire emulsifier system using water. v The water based system has its own disadvantages of rusting pipes, nozzles, failure of fire pump motor, valves and other system components. v Fire system using nitrogen is fool proof and gaining popularity and hence widely used. v It is available as per custom make of transformer i. e. in any size. Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 3

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS System Characteristics v Reliable v Dedicated system v Saved over 9000 MVA of transformers from explosion worldwide v System can be installed on existing transformers, reactors at site with minimal outage period v System can be tested on energized transformers, unlike the other systems v Multi signal activation, eliminates possibility of mal-operation v Patented in over 80 countries v Low investment compared to other systems v Minimal post-fire and no secondary damage v Low maintenance and running cost compared to other systems Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 4

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS System Characteristics v Full proof design to avoid ingress of nitrogen due to climatic changes into energized transformer v Suitable for indoor, outdoor and unmanned substations v Models available to protect OLTC and oil filled cable box v Proven even to protect bushing explosion and fire v Extinguishes external fire in bushing and/or radiator also v Back up provision ensures nitrogen injection for fail safe operation v Suitable for oil filled generator / furnace / rectifier / power transformers and reactors v Approved by leading transformer manufacturers and utilities worldwide v Complies with NFPA v CE ATEX certified Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 5

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS System Layout (Normal) Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 6

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS System Operation Logic diagram Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 7

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS System operation - 1 v. Internal heavy faults result in short circuit and consequent imbalance of input and output current leads to operation of differential relay. Faults lead to consequent oil surge! turbulance in the transformer tank leading to operation of Rapid pressure rise relay and/or Buchholz relay. v. Immediate reduction of pressure is achieved by partially draining oil from the top of the transformer tank. v. Conservator oil is isolated simultaneously due to operation of TCIV. The drained oil is collected in the covered oil pit /tank. Refer to exhibit 1 A. Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 8

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS System operation – Nitrogen injection Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 9

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS Layout of FE cubicle, Signal box and control panel Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 10

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS Simultaneous with oil drain, nitrogen gas is injected at a predetermined flow rate and pressure from the bottom side valves of the transformer tank. Stirring action by the nitrogen gas of the transformer oil reduces the temperature of the top layer of the oil eliminating the possibility of fire on the top surface of the oil. Continuous nitrogen injection for up to 45 minutes cools the oil to ambient temperature. Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 11

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS Nitrogen Injection Process v Simultaneous with oil drain, nitrogen gas is injected at a predetermined flow rate and pressure from the bottom side valves of the transformer tank. v Stirring action by the nitrogen gas of the transformer oil reduces the temperature of the top layer of the oil eliminating the possibility of fire on the top surface of the oil. v Continuous nitrogen injection for up to 45 minutes cools the oil to ambient temperature. Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 12

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS Extinction Mode logic due to external fire detector operation Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 13

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA TRANSFORMER NIFPS Overall system installation and appearance at site Sunday, June 6, 2021 PROF. V. G. PATEL 14

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA OPEN FORUM Sunday, June 6, 2021 15

TRANSFORMER ENCYCLOPAEDIA THANQ Sunday, June 6, 2021 16