NGN Interconnection S K Gupta Advisor CNIT Telecom

NGN- Interconnection S. K. Gupta, Advisor (CN&IT) Telecom Regulatory Authority of India

Agenda NGN- Interconnection Issues Way forward 05/12/2020 TRAI 2

NGN- Interconnection issues Interconnection among networks is necessary to ensure end-to-end services to the subscribers TDM based interconnection is simple and well defined Multiservice IP Based interconnection is complex Well defined regulatory framework to ensure effective interconnection among service providers is necessary to promote 05/12/2020 TDM based interconnection ◦ Hierarchical points of interconnection ◦ Use of standard SS 7 signaling ◦ Interconnection to primarily support voice calls ◦ Pre-determined routing of calls based on dialed numbers NGN based interconnection ◦ Flat interconnection ◦ Use of different signaling and protocols to support multiple services ◦ Interconnection needs to supports multiple services ◦ Dynamic policy based traffic routing TRAI 3

NGN- Interconnection issues Present Networks Compatibility mainly addressed by service specific networks NGN Compatibility at UNI, NNI is crucial due to high flexibility 05/12/2020 TRAI 4

NGN- Interconnection issues NGN is considered as converged network aggregating different functionalities of existing network with common IP backbone It looks simple in theory but implementation is complex Challenges : ◦ Interoperability among networks using multiple protocols ◦ Implementing open interface between application & network and delivering endto-end service with defined Qo. S parameters 05/12/2020 TRAI 5

NGN- Interconnection issues Interconnection evolution Point of interconnection Centralized vs. Hierarchical ◦ TDM- TDM ◦ TDM – NGN ◦ NGN – NGN Peer to Peer vs. Interconnect Exchange Support for existing TDM Networks Time frame for co-existence of TDM & NGN before complete migration to NGN Revised Interconnect Offer Model of physical Interconnection 05/12/2020 Related Issues ◦ Point of centralized interconnection ◦ Ensuring security at interconnect point ◦ Funding and management of interconnect exchange ◦ Ensuring Qo. S at interconnection ◦ Effective resource management TRAI 6

NGN- Interconnection issues Signaling requirement ◦ Support for signaling protocols to suit present network requirements and future service requirement at interconnection. Presently SS 7 is standard signaling protocol in TDM networks. Signaling has to be deliberated at ◦ Network-Network Interface (NNI) level ◦ User -Network Interface level (UNI) ◦ Application- Network Interface (ANI) level ◦ Between Gateway and Session Border Controller (SBC) 05/12/2020 TRAI Typical NGN Signaling ◦ NNI : SIP-1, BICC and H. 323 ◦ Physical interface : SDH or Gigabit Ethernet ◦ Within Networks : MPLS, RPR ◦ ANI: SIP, INAP, SMTP, FTP ◦ Media Gateway: H. 248 ◦ Media Signaling Gateways : SIGTRAN 7

NGN- Interconnection issues Compatibility Issue: ◦ Different protocols used in NGN has been developed with different approach ◦ Number of functionalities have been left as optional ◦ Ensuring end-to-end services using optional protocol functionalities by few vendors may be difficult ◦ Protocol translation for such optional facilities by session border controller is a challenge 05/12/2020 H. 323 It is umbrella specification defined by ITU and consists of ◦ ◦ H. 225 RAS Signalling H. 245 Control Signaling H. 450 Supplementary services Other standards for voice and video SIP It is created by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as RFC 2543 ◦ ◦ TRAI Provide advance signalling and control functionalities Uses RTP/RTCP for real time data transmission 8

NGN: Session Border Controller NGN network require: ◦ Physical Interpretabilities with different networks using different interfaces ◦ Isolation of network from others in case of attacks/networks related problem ◦ Support for variety of protocols for different services ◦ Flexibility of designing network topology and resource management within network ◦ Facilitate effective communication with other network 05/12/2020 TRAI Session Border Controller is a Solution 9

NGN: Session Border Controller SBC is ideally situated to interconnect disparate networks and provides following capabilities: ◦ ◦ ◦ Connectivity Network Address Translation Security Policy Enforcement and Qo. S control Regulatory Compliance Billing 05/12/2020 Role of SBC ◦ Managing signaling and media paths for a multimedia session ◦ Scalability of wider range of applications over networks ◦ Provide comprehensive security and ways to monetize running services ◦ Regulatory provisions such as Lawful interception ◦ Honoring SLAs with peers and customers TRAI 10

NGN: Session Border Controller SBC deployment approaches in service providers networks includes : ◦ Service providerto- service Provider Interconnect ◦ Service Providerto-Enterprise Peering ◦ Service Providerto-Residential 05/12/2020 Interconnect Source: www. cisco. com TRAI 11

NGN- Interconnection issues NGN may enable more services leading to additional functional flexibility. Numbering/addressing to be used in NGN shall complement and support existing numbering scheme. NGN should support: ◦ Number portability ◦ Carrier Selection etc. Probable NGN addressing : ◦ IPv 4 /IPv 6 addresses ◦ Domain Name Server ◦ Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) etc. National numbering plans may need modification. 05/12/2020 TRAI 12

NGN- Interconnection issues Measurement and accounting of traffic : ◦ NGN-NGN ◦ Application provider. NGN ◦ NGN - End user for different applications Charging on functional and application basis 05/12/2020 Inter-operator Compensation : ◦ Charging for Qo. S, BW, application at interconnect points Typical NGN charging : ◦ CPNP , Bill and Keep, Qo. S based Charging ◦ Volume and Hit based charging NGN Charging challenges: ◦ Lower cost more functionality ◦ Sharing of Intelligent networks ◦ Benefits of distinction between transport and services ◦ Reconciliation of application / content providers charges in “on-deck” scenario “ off-deck” scenario TRAI 13

Way Forward Need for close coordination of relevant groups to develop region specific understanding on parameter left for country specific needs/ future requirement Development of local certifying agencies / test labs for interface approval Mandate use of only approved interfaces in NGN networks Close coordination with vendors to overcome bottleneck and foster competition. 05/12/2020 TRAI 14

Thank You S K Gupta , Advisor, TRAI Mahanagar Doorsanchar Bhawan, J. L. Nehru Marg, New Delhi – 110002 Ph. +91 -11 - 23217914 (O) +91 -11 - 23211998 (Fax) advcn@trai. gov. in 05/12/2020 TRAI 15