NFPA ELECTRIC VEHICLE SAFETY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS Module

NFPA ELECTRIC VEHICLE SAFETY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS Module IV: Initial Response: Identify, Immobilize, Disable 4 -1

NFPA ELECTRIC VEHICLE SAFETY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS Module IV: Initial Response: Identify, Immobilize and Disable Module IV Objectives Terminal Objective Demonstrate knowledge of initial response procedures for an incident involving P/HEVs and EVs, including how to Identify, Immobilize and Disable the vehicles. Enabling Objectives • Identify size up procedures and scene hazards of an incident involving a P/HEV and EV. • Identify P/HEVs and EVs using formal and informal methods and using the Emergency Field Guide. • Identify Immobilization procedures. • Identify Vehicle Disabling procedures. 4 -2

ENSURE A SAFE WORK ENVIRONMENT FOR RESPONSE PERSONNEL Use proper PPE 4 -3

Scene Size-Up Survey scene for hazards (Scene 360). Identify types of vehicles involved. Determine course of action. 4 -4

Common Hazards at Any Incident Scene ● ● Traffic. Downed power lines. Fuel Spills or HAZMAT. Environmental Hazards (Ice, flooding, etc. ). ● Fire. ● Unstable vehicles. Don’t become so fixated on the EV that you forget basic scene safety! 4 -5

Initial Response Actions Identify Immobilize Disable 4 -6

Initial Response Actions Identify Immobilize Disable 4 -7

Part 2 to It is. Activity often 4. 1 difficult SIZE UP: IDENTIFICATION identify P/HEVs and EVs from a distance. Assume all vehicles are P/HEV or EV until positive identification is made. Approach from the sides if possible. 4 -8

Why is it important to be able to distinguish a P/HEV or EV from a conventional car or truck? 4 -9

Which Toyota Highlander is the hybrid? 4 -10

Identification Methods ● Formal Identification ● Informal Identification ● Telematics ● NFPA Emergency Field Guide 4 -11

Formal Identification ● External Badging ● Engine Badging ● Instrument Cluster Badging 4 -12

Formal Identification External Badging • Often involves manufacturer trade names. • Usually located on front fenders, doors, or rear. • May become hidden or dislodged in a crash. • Some newer models will not have external badging. 4 -13

Formal Identification External Badging ● Some EVs have badging that indicates “Electric” or “Zero Emission” vehicles. ● Some model names are specific and are only made as P/HEVs or EVs. 4 -14

Formal Identification Engine Compartment Badging Manufacturers use different terms • Hybrid Synergy Drive • IMA (Integrated Motor Assist) 4 -15

Formal Identification Instrument Cluster Badging ● Hybrid logo ● IMA logo Integrated Motor Assist (Honda) May not be visible when vehicle is shut down. 4 -16

Informal Identification Other clues that indicate a P/HEV or EV. ● High Voltage Labels ● Instrument Panel ● Electrical Cables ● Battery Vents 4 -17

Informal Identification High Voltage Warning Labels ● High voltage warning labels under hood and on HV components and cabling. ● Some labels may show the location of the 12 VDC and HV battery. 4 -18

Informal Identification Instrument Panel Items ● Charge Assist Indicators (can be simple gauges or digital screens) ● Battery Status Indicator (usually digital display) 4 -19

Informal Identification Instrument Panel Items Ready or Auto Stop Indicator READY ● Present on almost all electric and hybrid vehicles. ● Indicate the HV system is on and active. Vehicle could be ready to move. 4 -20

Informal Identification Electrical Cables High Voltage Cables ● Orange (HV) ● Blue or yellow (intermediate- treat the same as HV). ● Found under hood and on underside of vehicle. ● Usually not placed in typical cut points. 4 -21

Informal Identification Electrical Cables High Voltage Cable ● No requirement that HV cable is visible. ● Black shrouding around cables on many models. ● Plastic paneling on underside on some models, covering cable. ● More visible on older models. 4 -22

Informal Identification Battery Vents ● Vents keep high voltage battery from overheating. ● Located in general vicinity of the battery. ● Often look like HVAC vents or speakers. ● Not all vehicles have visible vents. 4 -23

Telematics Electronic vehicle safety and security systems which monitor vehicle status Examples: On. Star (GM) Blue Link (Hyundai) BMW Assist (BMW) 4 -24

Telematics Vehicle Crash Transmitting System Response Agency ● During emergency, information is transmitted, and forwarded to nearest response agencies. ● Includes if the vehicle is a P/HEV or EV. ● Use of telematics is increasing. 4 -25

NFPA Electric Vehicle Emergency Field Guide (EFG) 4 -26

Emergency Field Guide (EFG) • Consolidated Quick Reference Guide. • Simple, easy-to-use format. • Identification • Shutdown • Danger areas • System diagrams • Fire • Submersion 4 -27

Identification Summary ● Use all Information available. ● Take the time to check. ● If no badging visible, look for additional clues. 4 -28

Initial Response Actions Identify Immobilize Disable 4 -29

4. 1 Part 2 for Due Activity to the potential SIZE UP: IDENTIFICATION silent powered movement, assume all P/HEVs and EVs are operational and ready to move until positively shut down. Approach from the sides if possible. 4 -30

Immobilize the Vehicle ● Chock the wheels. ● Place vehicle in park. ● Engage parking / emergency brake. 4 -31

Useful Information ● Joystick Shifters return to the same position regardless of gear. ● Push Button Park on some models actuate electrical mechanism. ● Electronic parking brakes will not engage after 12 v power is disconnected. 4 -32

Initial Response Actions Identify Immobilize Disable 4 -33

Disable the Vehicle Prior to Disabling IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTE: ● Physical damage to the HV battery may result in immediate or delayed release of harmful or flammable gasses. ● If battery is damaged, or if you detect fluids, sparks, smoke, increasing temperature, or gurgling/ bubbling sounds coming from HV battery, ventilate passenger compartment and trunk (open doors, roll down windows, or break glass) to prevent gas build up. 4 -34

Disable the Vehicle Primary Method ● Shut Off Vehicle Ignition (if on). ● Disconnect 12 VDC Battery. NOTE: If needed, move seats, roll down windows, unlock doors, and open trunk before disabling vehicle, as these systems may not function once 12 V power is removed. 4 -35

Push button and Proximity Key Systems ● Secure the driver’s key and locate any additional keys. ● Move the keys at least 16 feet away. ● If keys(s) cannot be secured, proceed with disabling procedure. 4 -36

Video Proximity Keys 4 -37

Video Proximity Keys 4 -38

Disable the Vehicle Common Alternate Method -If ignition inaccessible (For most Nissan, Toyota, Lexus, and Honda models) ● Disconnect 12 VDC Battery. ● Pull the HV system control fuse(s) or relay(s). 4 -39

Video Alternate Disabling Methods 4 -40

Video Alternate Disabling Methods 4 -41

Disable the Vehicle Reference NFPA EFG or Manufacturer’s ERG for the specific vehicle to determine…. ● Which fuse to pull (not all models recommend this method). ● Secondary disabling procedures for that model. 4 -42

System Drain-Down ● HV capacitors can keep HV system energized for up to 10 minutes after disabling (depending on model). ● SRS capacitors are not part of the HV system and their drain times differ Refer to Mfr guides or NFPA EFG for specific drain-down times. 4 -43

High Voltage Batteries Service Disconnects ● Recommendations for use and required safety equipment vary by manufacturer. Consult appropriate ERG before using service disconnect. ● Located on the battery. ● Cuts off the battery from the high voltage system. 4 -44

Activity 4. 1 2 Regardless of Part method SIZE used UP: IDENTIFICATION in shutdown procedure, the HV battery will remain charged. ALWAYS assume the HV system and components are energized and treat with caution. 4 -45

Activity 4. 1 IDENTIFICATION DRILL You will be shown a series of slides, each with a picture of a vehicle or a component of a vehicle. You will be given a few moments to determine if … 1. The vehicle IS a P/HEV or EV, or 2. The vehicle IS NOT a P/HEV or EV, or 3. Cannot tell. The information is not sufficient to determine if a P/HEV or EV is involved, or not. 4 -46

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Activity 4. 2 Scene Size Up and Securing the Vehicle 4 -60

Activity 4. 2 Scene Size Up and Securing the Vehicle Review and discuss this scenario. Use your experience to fill in any missing details. Answer the following questions What hazards are present in this scenario? What are your scene safety priorities? What methods would you use to secure and disable this vehicle? What vehicle-specific response concerns are indicated in the Emergency Field Guide? 4 -61

Activity 4. 1 Part 2 REMEMBER SIZE UP: IDENTIFICATION Since it is often difficult to identify P/HEVs and EVs from a distance, approach all vehicles as if they are P/HEVs or EVs until positive identification is made. 4 -62

Activity 4. 2 Scenario Dispatch: Single-vehicle rollover. • 2: 00 pm, 18 °F, clear and calm. • Vehicle is a Ford Escape hybrid • Airbags have deployed. • Two occupants trapped in vehicle. On arrival: Vehicle in a field 100 feet from road. • Vehicle on its roof. • Appears to have rolled end over end several times. • The roof is collapsed approximately 2 feet. • Both passengers conscious and talking. • Both passengers wearing seatbelts. 4 -63

Scenario 4. 2 4 -64

Scenario 4. 2 What hazards are present in this scenario? What are your scene safety priorities? What methods would you use to secure and disable this vehicle? What vehicle-specific response concerns are indicated in the Emergency Field Guide? 4 -65

NFPA ELECTRIC VEHICLE SAFETY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS Module IV: Initial Response: Identify, Immobilize and Disable Module Summary Identify Immobilize Disable 4 -66