NEXTGENERATION LIBRARY DISCOVERY Overview Recent trends and developments
NEXT-GENERATION LIBRARY DISCOVERY: Overview + Recent trends and developments Marshall Breeding Independent Consultand , Author, Founder and Publisher, Library Technology Guides http: //www. librarytechnology. org/ http: //twitter. com/mbreeding June 25, 2012 Computers in Libraries 2012
Abstract Marshall Breeding will give an overview of the current scene in library discovery services. He will review the major products and technologies and give an update on recent developments and trends that libraries should be aware of as they consider these products.
Challenge: Disjointed approach to information and service delivery Library Web sites offer a menu of unconnected silos: Books: Library OPAC (ILS online catalog module) � Articles: Aggregated content products, e-journal collections � Open. URL linking services � E-journal finding aids (Often managed by link resolver) � Subject guides (e. g. Springshare Lib. Guides) � Local digital collections � ETDs, photos, rich media collections Metasearch engines � Discovery Services – often just another choice among many � All searched separately
Online Catalog ILS Data Search: Scope of Search Results Books, Journals, and Media at the Title Level Not in scope: � Articles � Book Chapters � Digital objects � Web site content � Etc.
Next-gen Catalogs or Discovery Interface (2002 -2009) Single search box Query tools � Did you mean � Type-ahead Relevance ranked results (for some content sources) Faceted navigation Enhanced visual displays � Cover art � Summaries, reviews, Recommendation services
Discovery Interface search model ILS Data Search: Local Index Digital Collections Pro. Quest Search Results Meta. Search Engine EBSCOhost … MLA Bibliography ABC-CLIO Real-time query and responses
Discovery Products http: //www. librarytechnology. org/discover
Differentiation in Discovery Products increasingly specialized between public and academic libraries Public libraries: emphasis on engagement with physical collection Academic libraries: concern for discovery of heterogeneous material types, especially books + articles + digital objects
Discovery from Local to Webscale Initial products focused on technology � Aqua. Browser, Endeca, Primo, Encore, Vu. Find, � LIBERO Uno, Civica Sorcer, Axiell Arena � Mostly locally-installed software Current phase is focused on pre-populated indexes that aim to deliver Web-scale discovery � Primo Central (Ex Libris) � Summon (Serials Solutions) � World. Cat Local (OCLC) � EBSCO Discovery Service (EBSCO) � Encore with Article Integration (no index, though)
Web-scale Index-based Discovery ILS Data (2009 - present) Digital Collections Search: Consolidated Index Search Results Web Site Content Institutional Repositorie s Aggregated Content packages … E-Journals Reference Sources Pre-built harvesting and indexing
Web-scale Search Problem ILS Data Digital Collections Search Results Consolidated Index Search: Web Site Content Institutional Repositorie s Aggregated Content packages … E-Journals ? ? ? Problem in how to deal with resources not provided to ingest into consolidated Pre-built harvesting and indexing Non Participating Content Sources
Encore Synergy Local Index Search: ILS Data Digital Collections Pro. Quest … Local Index Results EBSCOhost Local Index Results Web Services Remote Search Results … MLA Bibliography ABC-CLIO
New Library Management Model Search: Unified Presentation Layer Library Services Platform API Layer ` Stock Managemen t Digital Coll Pro. Que st EBSCO … JSTOR Other Resourc es Enterprise Resource Planning Learning Managemen t Search Engine Consolidated index y er ov ce sc vi Di Ser Self-Check / Automated Return Smart Cad / Payment systems Authenticati on Service
The Discovery Services Market
Adoption of Discovery Services Next-gen catalogs or discovery services have been around since 2002 Many mature products Continuing to evolve and expand Online catalog components of ILS products have taken on many of the characteristics of discovery layers � Examples: LS 2 PAC, Polaris Power. PAC
Discovery Service Installations Discovery Product 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Installed Primo 12 37 53 506 111 914 Aqua. Browser 55 339 64 69 74 254 Encore 72 72 109 56 72 326 46 77 58 88 236 50 164 214 407 75 100 251 7 12 22 39 Axiell Arena 61 57 33 76 Chamo 10 34 7 51 LS 2 PAC Summon Enterprise Civica Sorcer 16
EBSCO Discovery Service
Global Primo Installations
Summon Global Adoption
Expanding the Depth of Discovery
Citations / Metadata > Full Text Citations or structured metadata provide key data to power search & retrieval and faceted navigation Indexing Full-text of content amplifies access Important to understand depth indexing � Currency, dates covered, full-text or citation � Many other factors
Full-text Book indexing Hathi. Trust: 11 million volumes, 5. 3 million titles, 263, 000 serial titles, 3. 5 billion pages Hathi. Trust in Discovery Indexes � Primo Central (Jan 20, 2012) [previously indexed only metadata] � EBSCO Discovery Service (Sept 8 2011) � World. Cat Local (Sept 7, 2011) � Summon (Mar 28, 2011)
Challenge for Relevancy Technically feasible to index hundreds of millions or billions of records through Lucene or SOLR Difficult to order records in ways that make sense Many fairly equivalent candidates returned for any given query Must rely on use-based and social factors to improve relevancy rankings
Quest for Improved Relevancy Example: Ex Libris Primo Scholar. Rank � Relevancy tuned for scholarly content � Uses b. X data to assign score that reflects scholarly importance � Able to weight by disciplines and filter by other factors for signed-in users � Now available in Primo Version 4
Challenges for Collection Coverage To work effectively, discovery services need to cover comprehensively the body of content represented in library collections What about publishers that do not participate? Is content indexed at the citation or full-text level? What are the restrictions for non-authenticated users? How can libraries understand the differences in coverage among competing services?
Evaluating the Coverage of Indexbased Discovery Services Intense competition: how well the index covers the body of scholarly content stands as a key differentiator Difficult to evaluate based on numbers of items indexed alone. Important to ascertain now your library’s content packages are represented by the discovery service. Important to know what items are indexed by citation and which are full text Important to know whether the discovery service favors the content of any given publisher
Open Discovery Initiative NISO Work Group to Develop Standards and Recommended Practices for Library Discovery Services Based on Indexed Search Informal meeting called at ALA Annual 2011 Co-Chaired by Marshall Breeding and Jenny Walker Term: Dec 2011 – May 2013
Open Discovery Initiative stakeholders Libraries: provide discovery services on behalf of their patrons Publishers: provide content to be indexed by discovery services Discovery Service Provides: develop discovery interfaces and populate indexes
ODI Project Goals: Identify … needs and requirements of the three stakeholder groups in this area of work. Create recommendations and tools to streamline the process by which information providers, discovery service providers, and librarians work together to better serve libraries and their users. Provide effective means for librarians to assess the level of participation by information providers in discovery services, to evaluate the breadth and depth of content indexed and the degree to which this content is made available to the user.
Summon Disciplined Scoped Searching “With Summon, librarians can now easily create, customize and embed discipline scoped search boxes and search widgets in any web environment—including research guides, course management pages, collaborative research portals and more—to provide users with the ability to search for highly relevant materials from a discipline focused setting. ”
b. X Recommendation Service Makes associations among scholarly articles based on data mined from Open. URL resolver logs http: //www. exlibrisgroup. com/category/b. XUsage. Based. Services Finds associations not apparent from keyword matching or controlled vocabularies New Services: � b. X Hot Articles (Current Month) � b. X Most Popular Articles (Current Year) � b. X Journal Popularity Report (Previous Quarter) b. X in Elsevier Scopus and Science Direct (limited to Elsevier content)
E-book Integration
The rise of e-books Academic libraries: e-books included in aggregated content packages � E-books used primarily for research and consultation, not long reading Public Libraries: Subscriptions to e-book services that provide an outsourced collection of loanable e-books K-12 Schools, Colleges, Universities: interest in electronic textbooks
Integrating e-Books into Library Automation Infrastructure Current approach involves mostly outsourced arrangements Collections licensed wholesale from single provider Hand-off to DRM and delivery systems of providers Loading of MARC records into local catalog with linking mechanisms No ability to see availability status of e-books from the library’s online catalog or discovery interface
Technology Issues Access to materials controlled through Digital Rights Management Closed ecosystems that control content through identity management and rights policies Imposes significant overhead on the user experience: � Download an install DRM components � Establish user credentials in site trusted by DRM � Works only with devices that comply with DRM restrictions
Biblio. Commons Pilot at Boston Public Library, NYPL Based on intercepting HTML from Overdrive � Project on hold until Overdrive Releases its API Full e-lending capabilities within the discovery interface � Overdrive See: http: //www. bibliocommons. com/sites/default/fil es/Over. Driveintegrationcompanison. pdf
Polaris Library Systems Announced e-book lending integrated within Polaris Power. PAC � 3 M Cloud Library Expect partnerships with other e-book providers as APIs become available
Polaris e-book integration example
Sirsi. Dynix e. Resource Central New product to facilitate management of ebooks and other electronic resources Single click to read and download e-books Initial partnership with Axis 360 from Baker and Taylor
Interfaces must adapt to many devices Decoupled Discovery? Decoupled interfaces emerged from broken online catalogs � Poor interfaces, inadequate scope Inefficient integration between automation and discovery platforms New wave of more tightly integrated suites: � Ex Libris Alma > Primo / Primo Central � OCLC World. Share Management Services > World. Cat Local � Serials Solutions Intota > Summon Still possible to decouple, but more effort, worse results
Next-Gen Library Catalogs Marshall Breeding Neal-Schuman Publishers March 2010 Volume 1 of The Tech Set
Questions and discussion
- Slides: 42