New Imperialism IMPERIALISM Old Imperialism Africa Asia Exceptions

Emigration • 1815 -1932 • 60 million from – – GB Ireland Italy Germany

European powers controlled • 1800 • 1914 • 7% of the • 84% of

“British Empire Upon Which the Sun Never Sets”

Causes • Economic • Religious • Military • Ideology

• Dr. David Livingstone • Henry Morton Stanley “Dr. Livingstone, I presume? ”

European African Control • 1880 • 10% • 1914 • All of Africa Except

• Declared • Motivation for the conference

• Who? • Who isn’t represented? **Begins the “Scramble for Africa”

Britain’s Empire in Africa • Had Egypt & wanted to move South

South Africa & the Boer War (1899 -1902)

• GB smuggled in Opium & it became popular • China tries to

• Superior military technology allows GB to win

• Treaty of Nanking 1842 – Forced open Chinese Ports to British (&

By Late 19 th Century • Much of E. China was dominated by –

• Boxer Rebellion 1900 b/c of Anti-Western sentiments – Multi-national force puts it

Dr. Sun Yat-sen • Wanted to est a Republic • Sparked the beginning of

India • “Jewel of the British Empire” – Why? • Most valuable • British

• Sepoy Mutiny or Rebellion • 1857 -1858 – Resentment against British rule

• GB will train India to run India like GB -> Indian National

• US Commodore Matthew Perry forces Japan to open trade in 1853

• Japan quickly modernized/industrialized th by late 19 century – Meiji Restoration 1867

• Russo-Japanese War 1904 – Japan defeats Russia – Japan gains territory in

• Karl Marx, Das Kapital 1867 – Bourgeoisie constantly needed expanding markets to

• J. A. Hobson – Most prominent anti-imperialism theorist – Imperialism benefitted only

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New Imperialism

IMPERIALISM

Old Imperialism • Africa & Asia

• Exceptions – The New World

Emigration • 1815 -1932 • 60 million from – – GB Ireland Italy Germany • Left Europe • Jewish people, largely b/c of persecution

New Imperialism Feb 23 rd, 2011

European powers controlled • 1800 • 1914 • 7% of the • 84% of the World’s Territory

“British Empire Upon Which the Sun Never Sets”

Causes • Economic • Religious • Military • Ideology

Economic

• Religion/Missionary Work

• Dr. David Livingstone • Henry Morton Stanley “Dr. Livingstone, I presume? ”

Military

Ideology

• Social Darwinism

The Scramble for Africa

European African Control • 1880 • 10% • 1914 • All of Africa Except Liberia & Ethiopia

Forms of Imperialism

Colony

Protectorate

Spheres of Influence

New Imperialism in Africa

The Congo

Britain’s Control of Egypt

Berlin Conference 1884 -85

• Declared • Motivation for the conference

• Who? • Who isn’t represented? **Begins the “Scramble for Africa”

Britain’s Empire in Africa • Had Egypt & wanted to move South

Sudan • Battle of Omdurman

South Africa & the Boer War (1899 -1902)

North West Africa

Germany

Italy

New Imperialism in Asia

China

• GB smuggled in Opium & it became popular • China tries to stop the smuggling • Opium Wars begin in 1839

• Superior military technology allows GB to win

• Treaty of Nanking 1842 – Forced open Chinese Ports to British (& later French) – Sphere of Influence

By Late 19 th Century • Much of E. China was dominated by – GB, – France, – Russia, – Japan – & Germany

• Boxer Rebellion 1900 b/c of Anti-Western sentiments – Multi-national force puts it down

Dr. Sun Yat-sen • Wanted to est a Republic • Sparked the beginning of Chinese nationalist movement

India • “Jewel of the British Empire” – Why? • Most valuable • British East India Company was given control of India

• Sepoy Mutiny or Rebellion • 1857 -1858 – Resentment against British rule – British win & British Parliament will rule India

• GB will train India to run India like GB -> Indian National Congress 1885 • Indian independence in 1946

Japan

• US Commodore Matthew Perry forces Japan to open trade in 1853

Comm. Perry Meeting Japanese Officials

• Japan quickly modernized/industrialized th by late 19 century – Meiji Restoration 1867 reforms aimed at helping Japan compete w/ west

• Russo-Japanese War 1904 – Japan defeats Russia – Japan gains territory in continental Asia – Leads Russia towards Balkans & revolution

Critics of Imperialism

• Karl Marx, Das Kapital 1867 – Bourgeoisie constantly needed expanding markets to increase profits -> Conquest

• J. A. Hobson – Most prominent anti-imperialism theorist – Imperialism benefitted only the wealthy – Connected Capitalism w/ Imperialism – Increased Anti-Imperialism Sentiments