New Deal Notes Election of 1932 First 100

New Deal Notes • Election of 1932 • First 100 days • Second New Deal • Eleanor • Court Packing • FDR opposition • Foreign policy • Isolationism • Quarantine speech (text) • John Irish book = page TP 20 • Assessment of New Deal & Thesis practice = John Irish book = IN 34 & IN 35

Election of 1932

A New Deal …

First 100 Days (First New Deal) • “fireside chats” • Brain Trust • Frances Perkins – Sec of Labor • Use Keynesian economics (John Maynard Keynes) deficit spending (spend $ to make $) • Bank holiday • Glass-Steagall Act establishes Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation • Unemployment Relief Act creates Civilian Conservation Corps FD C IC C C

First 100 Days (First New Deal) AA TV A • Agricultural Adjustment Act (declared unconstitutional – Butler vs. US) • Tennessee Valley Authority • National Recovery Administration (declared unconstitutional – Schecter vs. US) • Public Works Administration • 21 st amendment A NR A A W P

Eleanor Roosevelt

Supreme Court declares some programs unconstitutional FDR’s response = can’t fire justices … so lets add more!!! (9 15) accused of “Court-Packing”

FDR’s opponents • Father Charles Coughlin – radio broadcasts reached 40 million listeners and attempted to sway popular opinion away from FDR and his New Deal (became openly anti-Semitic) • Dr. Francis Townsend – proposed the “old age revolving pension” – retirees would receive a month check for $200; but recipients had to agree to spend the entire sum within a month (to help the economy) • Huey Long “The Kingfish” – Governor of Louisiana; “Share the Wealth” program – a 100% tax on personal fortunes over a million dollars

Second New Deal SE C • Securities and Exchange Commission • Social Security Act • Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act) • Fair Labor Standards Act A S S • Establishes minimum wage, overtime pay, ends child labor

Hope for the future

Are there any similarities?

Foreign Policy: Isolationism - Neutrality Acts - “Quarantine Speech”

“The peace-loving nations must make a concerted effort in opposition to those violations of treaties and those ignoring of humane instincts which today are creating a state of international anarchy and instability from which there is no escape through mere isolation or neutrality. Those who cherish their freedom and recognize and respect the equal right of their neighbors to be free and live in peace, must work together for the triumph of law and moral principles in order that peace, justice and confidence may prevail in the world. There must be a return to a belief in the pledged word, in the value of a singed treaty. There must be recognition of the fact that national morality is as vital as private morality. ” - President FDR, Quarantine Speech, 1937

Foreign Policy: Isolationism - Japan attacks Nanking, China - Violates Open Door Policy - US imposes oil embargo - Europe adopts appeasement - Germany invades Poland - Cash & Carry - Lend – Lease - Japan attacks Pearl Harbor - Dec. 7 th 1941 “a date which will live in infamy”

Pearl Harbor

US DECLARES WAR!