Neurons Neurons and neuroglia multiple sclerosis and neuroglia

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Neurons • Neurons and neuroglia (multiple sclerosis and neuroglia) • Where are neurons in

Neurons • Neurons and neuroglia (multiple sclerosis and neuroglia) • Where are neurons in the body? • Types of neurons and their functions • How do neurons work? – Action potentials – Synapses

The Basics of a Neuron • Cell body with nucleus • Axon (carries message)

The Basics of a Neuron • Cell body with nucleus • Axon (carries message) – Note Schwann cells • Dendrites (bring stimulus to cell body) • Axonal terminus

Neurons and neuroglial cells • Axon in peripheral nervous system with myelin sheeth formed

Neurons and neuroglial cells • Axon in peripheral nervous system with myelin sheeth formed by Schwann cells • Provides for insulation and allows for saltatory propagation of action potentials

Neuroglial cells in CNS

Neuroglial cells in CNS

Neuroglial cells in CNS • Astrocytes – Most abundant and versatile – Control chemical

Neuroglial cells in CNS • Astrocytes – Most abundant and versatile – Control chemical environment around neurons – Also signal among themselves with slow chemical signals • Microglia – Monitor health of neurons and transform into immune macrophages (normal immune cells have no access to CNS) • Ependymal cells – Line cavities of brain/CNS – Barrier between CSF and tissue fluid – Cilia beat to move CSF • Oligodendrocytes – Myelin sheaths in CNS

Types of Neurons--structural classes

Types of Neurons--structural classes

Types of Neurons—where in body

Types of Neurons—where in body

Types of neurons--examples

Types of neurons--examples

How do neurons work—action potentials

How do neurons work—action potentials

Measuring membrane potential

Measuring membrane potential

Diffusion and action potential

Diffusion and action potential

Saltatory conduction and role of Schwann cells

Saltatory conduction and role of Schwann cells

What happens at the end— chemical synapse • Neuro-muscular junction is synapse between motor

What happens at the end— chemical synapse • Neuro-muscular junction is synapse between motor unit and muscle cell (motor unit)