NEUROLOGICAL BASES OF SPEECH AND LANGUAGE Power Point

NEUROLOGICAL BASES OF SPEECH AND LANGUAGE

Power. Point Outline: ** • I. Introduction • II. Components of the central nervous system • III. Cerebellum • IV. Cerebrum • V. Lobes of the brain • VI. Brain functions: left and right hemispheres • VII. Language comprehension • VIII. Language production • IX. Working memory

General facts:

I. INTRODUCTION

Neurolinguistics is: ** • The study of the neuroanatomy, physiology, and biochemistry of language

II. COMPONENTS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM • A. Neurons • Neuron, or nerve cell--basic unit of CNS

B. Central Nervous System

C. Peripheral Nervous System

III. CEREBELLUM (part of CNS)** • At base of brain • Coordinates control of fine, complex motor activities • Controls balance

IV. CEREBRUM

The prefrontal cortex is very important for:

V. LOBES OF THE BRAIN** • The brain has 4 lobes: frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal • FPOT

The frontal lobe’s main function:

Persons with damage to the frontal lobe…

The parietal lobe’s main function:

The occipital lobe’s main function:

The temporal lobe’s main function:

VI. BRAIN FUNCTIONS: LEFT AND RIGHT HEMISPHERES

Other views of the corpus callosum:

Not on exam:

A. Right Hemisphere—Dominant for:

B. Left Hemisphere—Dominant for:

VII. LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION

Heschl’s gyrus and surrounding areas…

Linguistic input is further separated….

Left brain— linguistic input Right brain— paralinguistic input

VIII. LANGUAGE PRODUCTION

A person with Wernicke’s aphasia…

Youtube video: Grace stroke survivor Broca’s • Notice how she struggles and it is an effort to talk • She leaves out small “function words” • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=kh. OP 2 a 1 z. L 9 s

Youtube video Wernicke’s fluent aphasia • Notice how “empty” his speech is • If you were across a crowded room and couldn’t hear him, you’d probably never know anything was wrong • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=3 oef 68 Yab. D 0

Youtube https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v= B 1 SBFUglu. K 0 • Speech-Language Therapy: Working with a Patient with Fluent Aphasia • She shows some actual therapy techniques that are working

IX. WORKING MEMORY (WM)

Working memory is essential in:

Working memory is absolutely crucial to success in school**

Today we’ve covered a lot!

Power. Point Outline: ** • I. Introduction • II. Components of the central nervous system • III. Cerebellum • IV. Cerebrum • V. Lobes of the brain • VI. Brain functions: left and right hemispheres • VII. Language comprehension • VIII. Language production • IX. Working memory