Network News Transfer Protocol NNTP By Jeason Mejia

Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) By: Jeason Mejia

History Of NNTP �The Network News Transport Protocol (NNTP) is published by RFC 977 and was first implemented by Phil Lapsley for BSD Unix. Later he passed the responsibilities to Stan Barber in about 1987, but this protocol is no longer maintained. �NNTP was created by Brian Kantor at the University of California-San Diego and Phil Lapsley at the University of California-Berkeley. �It provides extra fast transmission by using less expensive connections.

Introduction �NNTP sends Usenet news messages between news servers to newsreader clients. �Uses a reliable stream-based transmission for the distribution, posting and retrieval of news articles �The purpose of designing NNTP protocol is, to store news articles in a central database location.

Intro II �NNTP follows the client-server model known as OSI Model. It uses TCP/IP protocol for routing purposes. �Basically, NNTP is used for sending and receiving messages or information. �NNTP also has a series of codes to show its status to the client.

Specifications �NNTP is a data arrangement, created to retrieve, post and distribute messages across networks. �Formerly, UUCP (Unix-to-Unix Copy) protocol is used to deliver newsgroup messages. But UCCP was a point -to-point protocol. NNTP uses Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). �Each server preserves a list of servers under NNTP, to share posts and news groups used by other servers. �NNTP efficiently promotes the democratization of Usenet.

Governing Standards �The following are the governing standards of Network News Transfer Protocol published by the IETF as mentioned below: Core Protocol: �RFC 3977: This standard describes the core NNTP. �RFC 4642: It uses Transport Layer Security (TLS) with NNTP protocol. �RFC 4643: RFC 4643 provides NNTP an extension for Authentication. �RFC 4644: This standard permits server to deliver articles with greater efficiency. .

Other Standards Related Standards RFC 1738: It is related to the NNTP protocol. Obsolete Standard RFC 977: This NNTP standard was obsolete by RFC 3977

Characteristics �Privacy: A proxy is use to enhance privacy. �Security: You can restrict your security levels to control, who can control the NNTP services and who has access to specific newsgroups. You can encrypt the session by using the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol, if users connect through a public network. �Pervasiveness: Pervasive messages are available at any time and cost.

Continues… �Reliability: NNTP provides long-term reliable and high speed services. �Interoperability: NNTP implements, clear and explicit specifications of the protocol. �Maintainability: NNTP is easy to maintain due to its feature of re-usability and data format. �Ease of use: NNTP objects are planned with ease of use in mind.

Applications of NNTP �Server-to-server exchanges: In this exchange, a server requests to another server for the latest articles or move-forward new articles to it. �User-to-server connections: Users operate news readers, incorporated with most Web browsers. First user connects with a server, located at Internet service provider, and then downloads a list of accessible newsgroups.

Good and Bad �The NNTP is a newsgroup protocol through which one can access every type of media, from pictures to movies. It also realizes that downloading a copy of a copyrighted item is a crime of theft. Beside this NNTP have several advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages The following are the advantages of NNTP: �Online and Fast. �Even faster. �Easily compatible and has an auto fallback.

Disadvantages The following are the advantages of NNTP: �Gets more intensive �It fills a 64 k. B line �Working over it through telnet gets a real pain.

Conclusion �It is concluded, that NNTP has been confirmed a successful protocol for exchanging ideas between people. �Needs improvements �Due to tremendous growth in the field of internet a lot of people have been demanding to find ways to use the delivery of messages over NNTP. �Nowadays newsgroup channels are using NNTP protocol for the successful delivery of their news articles.

References � Tom Sheldon and Big Sur Multimedia. NNTP (Network News Transport Protocol) l. Retrieved from: http: //www. linktionary. com/n/nntp. html � � Houston, Texas 77230 -0481. Network News Transport Protocol, Academ Consulting Services. Retrieved from: http: //www. academ. com/academ/nntp/ � � Brian Kantor, Phil Lapsley; February 1986. Network Working Group, Network News Transfer Protocol. Retrieved from: http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Network_News_Transfer_Protocol � � Russ Allbery, 2010 -01 -18. NNTP Standards. Retrieved from: http: //www. smartcomputing. com/editorial/article. asp? article=articles/archive/ r 0603/24 r 03. asp � � Jan-Mark Wams, Maarten van Steen, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam � Department of Computer Sciences. NNTP characteristics. Retrieved from: www. cs. kuleuven. be/~andrem/teksten-0809/ii-FTP-nntp. pdf

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