Nervous System II Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

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Nervous System II Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Meninges and Cerebro-spinal fluid (CFS) Autonomic

Nervous System II Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Meninges and Cerebro-spinal fluid (CFS) Autonomic Function Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

Spinal Cord Cross Section Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

Spinal Cord Cross Section Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

Spinal Cord Cross Section (drawing on handout--showing reflex arc) White matter (myelinated “tracts”) Gray

Spinal Cord Cross Section (drawing on handout--showing reflex arc) White matter (myelinated “tracts”) Gray matter (cell bodies) n n Ventral horn--motor neurons Dorsal horn--interneurons for sensory Dorsal Root--sensory Ventral Root--motor Spinal Nerve n n Dorsal Ramus (to dorsal mm. , skin) Ventral Ramus (to ventral limbs mm. , skin) Dorsal Root Ganglion Sensory Neuron Somatic Motor Neuron Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

Spinal nerve (cross section through thorax--on handout) Dorsal Root Ganglion Ventral root Spinal Nerve

Spinal nerve (cross section through thorax--on handout) Dorsal Root Ganglion Ventral root Spinal Nerve n n Dorsal Ramus Ventral Ramus (Where would you find the ventral ramus relative to the ribs) (Look for lateral cutaneous nerves on your cat!!) Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

Spinal Cord showing meninges Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

Spinal Cord showing meninges Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

What are meninges? Connective tissues around spinal cord For protection For nutrition Three layers

What are meninges? Connective tissues around spinal cord For protection For nutrition Three layers n n n Pia mater Arachnoid mater Dura mater Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

Pia mater n n n (deep) delicate highly vascular adheres to brain/sp cd tissue

Pia mater n n n (deep) delicate highly vascular adheres to brain/sp cd tissue Subarachnoid space (where CSF flows) Arachnoid mater (middle) n n impermeable layer = barrier raised off pia mater by rootlets Spinal Dura Mater n single dural sheath Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Why double innervation? n n Paraympathetic keeps “normal” rhythms, functioning--all calm

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Why double innervation? n n Paraympathetic keeps “normal” rhythms, functioning--all calm Sympathetic is “fight or flight” fear response Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

How are Para/Sympa different? Parasympathetic Sympathetic Location Cranial, sacral Thoracic, Lumbar Ganglia In target

How are Para/Sympa different? Parasympathetic Sympathetic Location Cranial, sacral Thoracic, Lumbar Ganglia In target organs Close to spinal cord Neuro. Transmitter Effect Acetylcholine (calmer) Norepinephrine (adrenalin!!) Table 15. 2 For details Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph. D.

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