Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System Reading Chapter 9
- Slides: 17
Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System Reading: Chapter 9 1
Neural vs. Endocrine Communication Neural -electrical/hardwired -fast -short-term changes -no direct effect on met. -some voluntary actions -reflexes Endocrine -chemical -slow -long-term and/or cyclical changes -affects metabolism -involuntary 2
General Functions of the Nervous System 1. Receives sensory input 2. Integrates and processes information 3. Motor output to effectors 3
Organization of the Vertebrate Nervous System Anatomical: CNS (brain + spinal cord) PNS (12 pairs cranial + 31 pairs spinal nerves) Functional: (Chart) 4
Nervous System PNS CNS Integration & Interpretation Sensory Somatic Motor Visceral Somatic (voluntary) Autonomic (involuntary) Sympathetic Parasympathetic 5
Quick Terminology Review Ganglia = cell body OUTSIDE of CNS 6
Motor Control in the PNS Somatic (carcass ONLY) ONLY -1 nerve cell -no ganglia ___Autonomic (viscera mostly) -2 cells (pre- & post-ganglionic) -ganglia (sympathetic chain, collateral & terminal ganglia) -excitatory OR inhibitory -skeletal muscle -smooth & cardiac muscle, glands -specialized neuromuscular jxn. -whole organ is reactive -voluntary -involuntary -fast, myelinated -slow, little myelination -cranial OR spinal -Acetylcholine AND norepinephrine 7 overhead
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Divisions of the Autonomic NS • Divided into Parasympathetic & Sympathetic • Divisions = bilateral (on both sides of body) • Most organs have dual innervation (PS & S) • PS & S systems generally work antagonistically 9
Parasympathetic vs. Rest & Digest Sympathetic Fight or Flight craino-sacral (Cranial III, VII, IX, X, S 2 -4) thoracol-umbar (T 1 to L 2) “long” – “short” – “long” Ach / NE in visceral cavity ONLY in carcass (vasomotor control) & viscera terminal ganglia in/near effector chain & collateral ganglia no mass discharge possible 10
Autonomic Neurotransmitters -Preganglionic fibers of ______ and ______ secrete: acetlycholine and are called _________ -Parasympathetic Postganglionic fibers are cholinergic and secrete: ________ -Most sympathetic postganglionic fibers secrete: __________ (noradrenalin) and are called adrenergic 11
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Adrenal Gland • • Sympathetic nervous system control Only 1 cell (no ganglia) Adrenal gland acts as the post-ganglionic neuron Adrenal gland secretes epinephrine (85%) & norepinephrine (15%) HORMONES 14
Effect of Sympathetic & Parasympathetic Stimulation on Various Organs Example: Tiger vs. You 15
Some Effects of the Autonomic NS 16
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- Somatic motor pathway
- Autonomic nervous system pathway
- Autonomic nervous system consists of
- Autonomic receptors
- Ans
- Autonomic nervous system
- The autonomic nervous system controls
- Visceral autonomic nervous system
- Autonomic nervous system
- Nervous system chart
- Label the different types of neuronal pools in the figure.
- Fundamentals of the nervous system and nervous tissue
- Nerve cell processes
- While reading activities
- Autonomic nerveous system
- Anal wink reflex
- Ans
- Preganglionic parasympathetic fibres