Neoplasia Occupational factors Carcinogenic agent Arsenic and arsenic

Occupational factors Carcinogenic agent • Arsenic and arsenic • • • compound Asbestos :

Neoplasia • A paraneoplastic syndrom • A set of signs and symptoms (that is

Para neoplastic syndrom Clinical Syndromes Cushing syndrome Major Forms of Underlying Cancer Small cell

Grding and staging of tumor Grading of a cancer is based on the degree

Markers Associated Cancers Hormones • Human chorionic gonadotropin Trophoblastic tumors, • nonseminomatous testicular tumors

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Neoplasia

Occupational factors Carcinogenic agent • Arsenic and arsenic • • • compound Asbestos : Ethylene oxide : Chromium compounds Cancer site Lung, skin, hemangiosarcom Lung mesothelioma; Leukemia Lung carcinoma • Benzene : Leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma • Vinyl chloride Angiosarcoma, liver • Cadmium and cadmium compounds : Prostate

Neoplasia • A paraneoplastic syndrom • A set of signs and symptoms (that is the • • consequence of cancer in the body, but unlike mass effect , is not due to the local presence of cancer cell these phenomena are mediated by humoral factors (suas hormones or cytokines ( secreted by tumor cells or by an immune response against the tumor

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Para neoplastic syndrom Clinical Syndromes Cushing syndrome Major Forms of Underlying Cancer Small cell carcinoma of lung Pancreatic carcinoma Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion Small cell carcinoma of lung Hypercalcemia Squamous cell carcinoma of lung Hypoglycemia Fibrosarcoma carcinoma Carcinoid syndrome Bronchial adenoma (carcinoid) Polycythemia Renal carcinoma Cerebellar hemangioma Hepatocellular carcinoma Myasthenia Bronchogenic carcinoma I Acanthosis nigricans Gastric carcinoma Lung carcinoma Uterine carcinoma Dermatomyositis Bronchogenic, breast • • •

Grding and staging of tumor Grading of a cancer is based on the degree • of differentiation of the tumor cells and the number of mitoses within the The staging of cancers is based on the • size of the primary lesion, its extent of spread to regional lymph nodes, and the presence or absence of blood-borne metastases. tumor •

Markers Associated Cancers Hormones • Human chorionic gonadotropin Trophoblastic tumors, • nonseminomatous testicular tumors Calcitonin • Medullary carcinoma of thyroid • -Fetoprotein Liver cell cancer, nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of • testis Carcinoembryonic antigen Carcinomas of the colon, pancreas, lung, • stomach, and heart Prostatic acid phosphatase Prostate cancer • Prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific membrane antigen • Prostate cancer CA-125 Ovarian cancer •