NEMOProject Phase 2 Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione

NEMOProject Phase 2 Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Composizione üStazione a terra üSurvey üAutorizzazioni e permessi üCavo elettro-ottico üBranching Units üCable Terminations Assembly üOperazioni Marine üOperazioni a terra üShore Power Feed Equipment üDC/DC Converter Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Shore Station Ingresso Cavo Elettro-Ottico Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Backbone Cable Outer Diameter Conductor Diameter DC Resistance Weight Air/Water 17 mm Copper Shield 1. 6 Ω/km 0. 90 -0. 57 Kg/m Cable Breaking load 70 k. N Operating Tension 30 k. N Min. Dynamic Bending 500 LW/900 DA mm Working Voltage Drop Voltage 10 k. V 1. 600 V Current 10 A Power 100 k. W Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Power Budget Storey power load (4 OM + storey electronics + additional sensors) 20 W x 16 storeys 320 W + additional power load at the tower base (electronics, sensors, …) 100 W Total power load per tower 420 W x 81 towers (5. 184 OM) 34 k. W + JB power load (electronics, sensors, …), 300 W per JB 3 k. W + additional power load as spare or associate science 10 k. W Total power load Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione ~50 k. W Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Branching Unit Interdisciplinary Activity Requests Electro-Optics Characteristics Intermediate Branching Unit • Depth - 100 m Power 250 W DC 1 Fiber Optic ITU. T G. 655 • Depth - 2. 000 m Power 500 W DC 1 Fiber Optic ITU. T G. 655 Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 System Layout 20 Km 100 m Passive BU 100 m 40 Km 100 m Passive BU 100 m 80 Km 100 m Active BU 7 Km PFE Current Probe Trunk End#1 Trunk End#3 Trunk End#2 DC/DC 100 m Depth Mario Sedita 2. 000 m Depth Meeting di Collaborazione 12 Km 3. 500 m Depth Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Marine Operations • Project Management • Desk top study • Environmental Impact Assessment • Authorization and permitting service • Cable Route Survey üMarine Geophysical Survey üTopographic Landing Area Survey üDiver Survey üReporting and Charting • Route Clearance • Pre Lay Grapnel Run • Marine installation üCable loading üCable main lay üBeach work and cable protection üPost Lay Works üFinal Reporting and Charting Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Survey Cable Route Survey Catania üMarine Geophysical Survey üTopographic Landing Area Survey üDiver Survey üReporting and Charting Sintesi dei risultati • Confronto tra la rotta contrattuale e la rotta finale üRotta Contrattuale üRotta Finale e Diagramma di Linea üDifferenze tra la Rotta Contrattuale e la Rotta Finale üLista dei Contatti Sonar üLista dei Cavi Incrociati • Datum orizzontale e verticale • Topografia dell’area di approdo di Capo Passero Risultati di dettaglio • Rotta percorsa durante il Survey • Descrizione degli allegati cartografici • Campionamenti del fondo marino • Attività di possibile interferenza con il collegamento • Fattori antropici üAttività di pesca üServizi esistenti ed in progetto üRelitti ed impedimenti alla navigazione üDati sui danni subiti dai cavi sottomarini nell’area interessata dal cavo Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Configuration Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Power Feed Equipment Block Diagram CONTROLLER SHELF PU Controller Power In Converter n…. . PU Monitors Common Monitors Cable Termination Cubicle Converter PU to line system earth ALARM CONCENTRATOR SHELF OPTICAL FIBER DISTRIBUTION UNIT Dummy Load routing switch CABLE TERMINATING SHELF EARTH ISOLATION SHELF Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 BMH Capo Passero Approdo Mario Sedita Catania Approdo Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Passive BU High power flying ROV receptacle assembly Electro-Optical Flying ROV receptacle assembly Specifications: ･ Dimensions 2. 0 x 0. 5 x 2. 0(m) ･ Weight : 1200 kg (in Air) ･ Pressure Resist : 4000 m Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Active Branching Unit Control and Power Distribution Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 DFME Auto Latching Branching Unit >BU Supervisory Functions 1>1. 2 s Recovery Driver Command Sequence 28. 8 ms 3 X Current Share Request 3 X Apply Current Sharing 1>1. 2 s Main Driver Command Sequence 28. 8 ms 3 X Configuration Request 3 X Confirm Configuration Request Main Driver Recovery Driver Commands Command Sequence Delay between 75 - 100 s Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Active Branching Unit Fibres Re. F Optics Tray Recovery receiver Main Smoothing Board Recovery Zeners Fibres Recovery Chassis D (Earth) C Main Chassis A B Blank Chassis Re. E Main Driver RLB Re. C Main Zero Detect and Main Zeners Resistor Box Mario Sedita Re. D RLA Main Bridge Rectifier Meeting di Collaborazione Pin Diodes Splice Tray Main Receiver Surge Coil Catania 23 -25/01/2006

5 -7 m Sea Hearth Connection Mario Sedita 1 m 0. 27 m Nemo Phase 2 Cable Termination Assembly CTA Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Cable Termination Assembly To shore Cable In VDC 10 k. V 400 Vdc Out Fibre Out Cable Out DC/DC 5 -10 k. W VDC 10 k. V DC/DC 5 -10 k. W 400 Vdc Out Fibre Out ROV connector JB DC/AC Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 DC/DC Converter 10 k. V/400 V Internal supply Input filter Output filter 200 V 50 V Tx Current sense Primary switching Synchronous rectifier Gate Drive Sub Converter Topology used in the Neptune Project by JPL NASA Low stress design 600 V transistors used to switch 200 V Devices capable of working at 100 o. C used at 36 o. C Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 DC/DC Design In the event of the FET failing Open circuit the diodes fail short circuit, typically 0. 5 to 1 ohm 10 k. V Output diodes allows Large large scale failure of sub converter output sections or control with only reduced output current 400 V Control / start-up 1 Control / start-up 2 Control / start-up 3 Control / start-up 4 Control / start-up 5 Control / start-up 6 X-Ray showing plate construction. Without bond wires, rupture current grater than 150 A 10 k. V Sub converters input sections fail short circuit allowing large to fail without loss of output 400 V Control / start-up 1 Mario Sedita Control / start-up 2 Control / start-up 3 Control / start-up 4 Control / start-up 5 Control / start-up 6 Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Physical Construction of First MARS Converter Large diameter sea case is expensive and difficult to handle PCBs are too large for most manufactures, limited number of suppliers PCBs are too large for pick and place assembly machines, must be hand built Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 DC/DC Converter Project Compact Physical Construction Pressure compensation using bellows Flourinert FC 77 filled housing PCBs perpendicular to pressure vessel Ethylene Propylene O-Rings External connections Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Ground Return Electrodes • Single conductor cable necessitates ground return electrodes • Similar applications include: –Gas generation –HVDC Power Distribution –Trans-ocean telecom systems –Impressed current cathodic protection Ground Return Circuit V Node Converters + 10 k. V Shore Power Supply - - I + Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Anode Coating Backfill Soil Saturated Sand Sea Water Cathode Coating Cathode 10 A Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Remote Earth Electrode Ti grade 2 electrode structure Insulated steel strength termination Standard cable buffer Earth conductor +redundancy Mixed metal oxide coating Elastomer bend limiter Active surface of electrode LW cable core passes through electrode. Outer armour wires terminated in a similar way to an armoured cable joint Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Tower Power Distribution 400 VAC Benthosphere - Electric load storey 16 - Electric load storey 3 - Electric load storey 2 - Electric load storey 1 ~ ~ FCM ~ ~ (Floor Control Module) ~ ~ Tower storeys Base Tower CONNECTION Vin 400 VAC Mario Sedita Secondary JB Meeting di Collaborazione Second. JB - base tower Electro-optical cable Catania 23 -25/01/2006

Nemo Phase 2 Diagramma Temporale Mario Sedita Meeting di Collaborazione Catania 23 -25/01/2006