NECKS Triangles of the Neck Anterior Triangle Mandible
NECKS
Triangles of the Neck Anterior Triangle Mandible Posterior Triangle Median Plane Sternocleidomastoid
Muscular Triangle Contents: Infrahyoid mm Cricothryoid m Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Median plane Omohyoid (superior belly) Sternocleidomastoid
Hyoid Bone
Cartilages Thyrohyoid Membrane Thyroid Cartilage Thyrohyoid membrane Cricoid Cartilage Cricothyroid ligament Laryngeal Prominence Superior Horn Inferior Hor Cricoid Cartilage Oblique line Thyroid Cartilage
Infrahyoid “Strap” Muscles Superficial Layer Omohyoid Superior Belly Inferior Belly Sternohyoid Fascial sling of omohyoid Omohyoid
Infrahyoid “Strap” Muscles Deep Layer Sternothyroid Thyrohyoid Sternothyroid Sternohyoid Omohyoid
Cricothyroid Muscle External Laryngeal N. Cricothyroid
Thyroid Gland Variation Pyramidal Superior Thyroid A lobe Vasculature Superior Thyroid A Inferior Thyroid A Thyroid Ima (occassionally) Inferior Thyroid A
Thyroid: Clinical Considerations Thyroid Ima A Recurrent Laryngeal NN Parathyroid Glands Recurrent Laryngeal N Thyroid Ima A
Parathyroid Glands Recurrent The Center for Advanced Head and Neck Surgery. http: //www. waent. org/archives/2009/vol 21/parathyroid. htm
Suprahyoid Muscles Stylohyoid Digastric Anterior Belly Posterior Belly Stylohyoid Mylohyoid Geniohyoid Digastric (post) Digastric (ant) Digastric (post) Geniohyoid Stylothyoid Mylohyoid Digastric (ant)
Carotid Triangle Digastric (posterior belly) Sternocleidomastoid Contents: Omohyoid (superior belly) Common Carotid A. Internal Carotid A. External Carotid A. Branches Internal Jugular V. Hypoglossal N. Vagus N. (branches) Parts of Cervical Plexu
External Carotid Bifurcation Branches Superior Thyroid A. Superior Laryngeal A. Lingual A. Facial A. Ascending Pharyngeal A. Occipital A. Others: Maxillary A. Superficial Temporal A. Posterior Auricular A. Occipital A. Ascending Pharyngeal A. Facial A. Lingual A. Superior Thyroid A. Common Carotid A. Subclavian A.
Carotid Sheath Internal Jugular V. Vagus N. Common Carotid A. Then, Internal Carotid A Investing Fascia Carotid Sheath Pretracheal Fascia Prevertebral Fascia Sternocleidomastoid (cut)
Cervical Plexus � � � VPR C 1 -C 4 Phrenic nerve Cutaneous branches * already seen in the posterior triangle � Muscular branches Fig 8. 11 Clinically Oriented Anatomy 5 th Ed. Moore & Dalley
Cervical Plexus: Muscular Branches Hypoglossal N (CN XII) . VPR C 1 Ansa cervicalis Superior root (C 1) Inferior root (C 2, 3) N. to thyrohyoid C 2 C 3 Nerve to Thyrohyoid Inferior root of Ansa Cervicalis Superior root of Ansa Cervicalis Phrenic N
Cervical Plexus: Muscular Branches Phrenic N Unnamed nerves prevertebral mm. N. to thyrohyoid Ansa cervicalis Superior root Inferior root Fig 7. 8, Grant’s Dissector 14 th Ed.
Submandibular Triangle Mandible Contents: Digastric (Post. Belly) Digastric (Ant. Belly) Submandibular gland Facial A. & V. Stylohyoid M. Lymph Nodes Hypoglossal N (portion)
Hypoglossal Nerve (CNXII) Hypoglossal N (CN XII)
Submental Triangle Digastric (Ant. Bellies) Contents: Hyoid Submental Lymph Nodes
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