NCAT Pavement Test Track CAPANCDOT Track Research Sponsors

NCAT Pavement Test Track CAPA/NCDOT

Track Research Sponsors Maine Washington Montana Oregon North Dakota Minnesota Wisconsin South Dakota Idaho Vermont New Hampshire Massachusetts New York Rhode Island Connecticut Michigan (upper pennisula) Michigan Pennsylvania Wyoming Nebraska Nevada Utah Colorado Iowa Illinois Indiana Ohio Kentucky Kansas Missouri Tennessee California Oklahoma Arizona New Mexico Mississippi Texas Pre-2012, 2012 Arkansas Louisiana Alabama (DOT & DEM) West Virginia New Jersey Delaware Maryland Virginia FHWA Private Sector Sponsors Cargill Deicing Technology FP 2 Kraton Polymers South Carolina Modified Asphalt Solutions Georgia Oldcastle Materials Polycon Manufacturing Seneca Petroleum Florida Shell Sulfur Solutions Trinidad Lake Asphalt North Carolina

Content • High Recycle Mixes • Lee Road 159 • Thinlays 3

2012 Track • • APAI – 12/2/08 Green Group (GG) study 100% RAP CCPR base mix (+FDR) Surface crack prevention Crack and rut resistant thin overlays Perpetual pavement design Hi. MA for new/rehab pavements Preservation Group (PG) study. 4

2012 Track • • APAI – 12/2/08 Green Group (GG) study 100% RAP CCPR base mix (+FDR) Surface crack prevention Crack and rut resistant thin overlays Perpetual pavement design Hi. MA for new/rehab pavements Preservation Group (PG) study. 5

Performance Group 2009 High RAP Sections • Performance Group Sections – 7” Design • 20 M ESALs • N 10 – 50% RAP HMA – PG 67 -22 • N 11 – 50% RAP WMA (Foam) – PG 67 -22

PG 09 High RAP Sections • N 10 – 50% RAP HMA – PG 67 -22 • N 11 – 50% RAP WMA – PG 67 -22

2012 Track • • APAI – 12/2/08 Green Group (GG) study 100% RAP CCPR base mix (+FDR) Surface crack prevention Crack and rut resistant thin overlays Perpetual pavement design Hi. MA for new/rehab pavements Preservation Group (PG) study. 8

Virginia Cold Central Plant Recycling • N 3 – 6” AC, 5” Foamed CCPR • N 4 – 4” AC, 5” Foamed CCPR • S 12 – 6” AC, 5” Foamed CCPR, 8” FDR

Full Depth Reclamation

N 04 - “Thin” Virginia Section

N 04 - “Thin” Virginia Section

CCPR Base and “FDR” Foundation

2012 Track • • APAI – 12/2/08 Green Group (GG) study 100% RAP CCPR base mix (+FDR) Surface crack prevention Crack and rut resistant thin overlays Perpetual pavement design Hi. MA for new/rehab pavements Preservation Group (PG) study. 14

2012 Green Group (GG) Study Purpose of Each Layer N 5 Control S 5 Higher RAP S 6 RAP+RAS S 13 Recyc Tires Durable, Rut Resistant Surface 20% RAP 20 67 -22 DGA 25% RAP 11 67 -22 SMA 5% RAS 21 67 -22 SMA VIRGIN ARB 12 82 -2212 SMA Stiff, Strain Reducing Middle 35% RAP 39 67 -22 DGA 50% RAP 41 67 -22 DGA 50% AGED 26 -24 67 -22 DGA 35% RAP 37 82 -2212 DG Fatigue Resistant Base Layer 35% RAP 39 67 -22 DGA 35% RAP 34 88 -22 DGA 25% RAP 24 76 -22+ DGA VIRGIN ARB 20 AZ Green = Evotherm Q 1 Additive, Blue = Astec Green Foamer

2012 Green Group (GG) Study Purpose of Each Layer N 5 Control S 5 Higher RAP S 6 RAP+RAS S 13 Recyc Tires Durable, Rut Resistant Surface 20% RAP 20 67 -22 DGA 25% RAP 67 -22 SMA 5% RAS 67 -22 SMA VIRGIN ARB 12 SMA Stiff, Strain Reducing Middle 35% RAP 67 -22 DGA 50% AGED 67 -22 DGA 35% RAP ARB 12 DGA Fatigue Resistant Base Layer 35% RAP 67 -22 DGA 35% RAP 88 -22 DGA 25% RAP 76 -22+ DGA VIRGIN ARB 20 AZ 72% 39% *54%

2012 GG Study Pavement Response GTR (380 v, 68 F) RAP+RAS (280 v, 68 F) Control (260 v, 68 F) RAP (200 v, 68 F) 17

S 5 – 4/8/2013 18

S 5 – 4/8/2013 19

Evolution of Cracking in Section S 5 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2 3 4 5 Weak bond between binder and base layers Debonding between binder and base layers “Middle-up” crack initiated at bottom of binder “Middle-up” crack reaches surface of pavement Full depth crack extends to bottom of base

S 5 – 4/22/2013 21

S 5 – 4/22/2013 22

S 5 -2 Binder Parameter Design QC 2009 Binder Content (Pb) 4. 8 5. 0 4. 7 Effective Content (Pbe) 4. 1 4. 3 4. 1 Dust-to-Binder Ratio 1. 1 1. 4 23

Conclusions • Higher recycle contents possible • Emphasize total binder replacement and aged binder contribution • Proper tack are integral to success 24

Questions ?

Content • High Recycle Mixes • Lee Road 159 • Thinlays 26

Pavement Preservation on Lee Road 159 Martin Marietta Quarry Asphalt Plant • • • 27 Lee Road 159 Low ADT roadway Very high % trucks 14 -year old 5½” pavement Diverse pavement condition Load data provided by quarry and asphalt plant

Pavement Preservation on Lee Road 159 1. Rejuvenating Fog Seal 2. Fibermat 3. Control 4. Control 5. Crack Seal (CS) 6. Single Layer Chip Seal 7. CS + Single Layer Chip Seal 8. Triple Layer Chip Seal 9. Double Layer Chip Seal 10. Microsurfacing + Single Chip (Cape) 11. Microsurfacing 12. CS + Microsurfacing 13. Double Layer Microsurfacing 14. Fibermat + Microsurfacing (Cape) 15. Scrub Seal + Microsurfacing (Cape) 16. Scrub Seal 17. Distress Demo Section 18. Fibermat + HMA thinlay (HMA Cape) 19. HMA Thinlay (PG 67 -22) 20. HMA + 100% Foamed Recycle Inlay 21. HMA Thinlay (PG 76 -22) 22. Ultra Thin Bonded Wearing Course 23. HMA Thinlay (50% RAP) 24. HMA Thinlay (5% PCRAS) 25. HMA Thinlay (High Polymer)

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 Pretreatment (July, 2012) Outside Wheelpath Driving Towards Quarry Inside Wheelpath Driving Towards Quarry

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 August, 2012 Outside Wheelpath Driving Towards Quarry Inside Wheelpath Driving Towards Quarry

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 July 2, 2013

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 September 12, 2013

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 October 29, 2013

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 December 17, 2013

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 January 31, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 February 26, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 March 25, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 April 22, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 May 27, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 June 19, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 July 24, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 August 12, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 October 7, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 October 7, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 October 7, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 October 7, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 October 7, 2014

Sample Treated Section on Lee Road 159 October 7, 2014

Pavement Preservation on Lee Road 159

Pavement Preservation on Lee Road 159 Life Extending Benefit Condition Improving Benefit

Pavement Preservation on Lee Road 159

Pavement Preservation on Lee Road 159

Pavement Preservation on Lee Road 159 53

Pavement Preservation on Lee Road 159 54

Pavement Preservation on Lee Road 159 • • Crack sealing appears to be beneficial in all cases Differences between route/seal and blow/band Scrub seal appears to exhibit crack seal benefit Preservation treatments reduce subgrade moisture Durability of micro surface in accelerated traffic Objective life extending benefit curves developing Interim results presented at 2015 Track Conference.

Questions ?

Content • High Recycle Mixes • Lee Road 159 • Thinlays 57

Preservation Group (PG) Experiment • 14 sections on the NCAT Pavement Test Track – 7” pavements placed in the summer of 2009 – 2 PFC sections, 12 DGA sections (8 virgin, 4 high RAP) – 16 million ESALs, from 0 to 41 percent WP cracked • 25 sections on local count road (Lee Road 159) – ≈5½” thick paved access road to quarry/asphalt plant – 2 control, 23 sections with treatments/combinations – Pretreatment condition varied by WP and direction

Thinlays - PG 12 • Designs centered around 2003 W 6 Mix – 4. 75 mm Limestone Screenings Mix – 40 M ESALs • L 18 – HMA Cape Seal – PG 67 -22 4. 75 mm over fiberglass-reinforced chip seal • • L 19 – Virgin Thinlay PG 67 -22 L 20 – Virgin Thinlay PG 67 -22 over 6” CCPR L 21 – Virgin Thinlay PG 76 -22 L 23 – 50% FRAP 54 PG 67 -22 L 24 – 5% PCRAS 19 PG 67 -22 L 25 – Virgin Hi. MA PG 88 -22 Test Track S 09 A – Virgin Thinlay PG 76 -22

Thinlays - PG 12 April 2014 – Pre-Treatment Cracking October 2014 – End of 2012 Traffic Cracking (~2. 5 M ESALs)

Pretreatment Condition

L 17 – Subsection Distress Demo 62

Pretreatment Condition

Pretreatment Condition

Pretreatment Condition

Percent of Lane Area Cracked

LR 159 Continued Monitoring • Weekly – Inertial Profiler (roughness, texture, rutting) – Visual inspections with notes/pictures

LR 159 Continued Monitoring • Monthly – – – Video for crack mapping Rut depth Wet ribbed surface friction Subgrade moisture readings Falling weight deflectometer (FWD)

LR 159 Continued Monitoring • Other – Ground penetrating radar (GPR) – Dec, 2012 www. 3 dradar. com

LR 159 Continued Monitoring • Video Crack Mapping

2015 Preservation Continuation/Expansion • • Continue monitoring ‘ 12 sections (Track & 159) Capture life extending benefit curve data Partnership with Mn. ROAD for nationwide scope Build new sections on higher ADT roadway.

Higher ADT Off-Track Preservation 7¾” Asphalt Pavement 10” Aggregate Base NCAT Track • US-280 3 miles to east of Track • 17, 000 ADT, ≈9 year old surface • Westbound outside lane • ≥ MP 128. 0 to MP 132. 6 • Tenth mile sections • Repeat Lee Road 159 (±) • Add CCPRF, E, CIRF, E, HIR, etc. • High ABR thin overlays • Connection to Cracking Group. Le e. R oa d 2 53 oad R Lee 391

Higher ADT Off-Track Preservation

Higher ADT Off-Track Preservation

www. pavetrack. com 76