Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material Supervisors Training Course Version

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Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material Supervisors Training Course Version One 2006 1

Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material Supervisors Training Course Version One 2006 1

Course Administration Ø Ø § Ø § Emergency procedures Facilities: first aid, prayers, refreshments,

Course Administration Ø Ø § Ø § Emergency procedures Facilities: first aid, prayers, refreshments, toilet Documentation: course roster, HSE passport Restrictions: smoking, telephones and pagers Introduction: name, company, position and expectations of the course Version One 2006 2

Course Aims Ø Aims of the course are to provide knowledge and understanding of:

Course Aims Ø Aims of the course are to provide knowledge and understanding of: § basic radiation (NORM) theory § where NORM can be found § personal hygiene and health risks § system of work procedures to control NORM risk and use and checking of PPE Version One 2006 3

Course Aims (Continued) § § § § PDO procedures roles of personnel supervision of

Course Aims (Continued) § § § § PDO procedures roles of personnel supervision of NORM jobs as agreed by CRFP duties and actions of RPT use of monitoring equipment by RPT radiation and contamination level assessments registering and recording NORM survey results Version One 2006 4

Course Objectives Ø On completion of the course attendees will be able to: §

Course Objectives Ø On completion of the course attendees will be able to: § explain NORM theory § describe where NORM can be found § explain NORM health, environment and reputation risks § describe NORM control measures § describe RPT actions in undertaking a contamination survey § interpret information recorded and reported of NORM in the field § complete supervisors section of NORM survey report form Version One 2006 5

Radiation Sources in PDO Radiation sources Industrial radiography Installed gauges Portable gauging equipment Well

Radiation Sources in PDO Radiation sources Industrial radiography Installed gauges Portable gauging equipment Well logging Radio tracers NORM Version One 2006 6

What is NORM? Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material Version One 2006 7

What is NORM? Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material Version One 2006 7

Radiation Ø NORM decay and emit: § Alpha particles (α) § Beta particles (β)

Radiation Ø NORM decay and emit: § Alpha particles (α) § Beta particles (β) and § Gamma rays (y) Version One 2006 8

Radiation Alpha Beta Gamma Version One 2006 9

Radiation Alpha Beta Gamma Version One 2006 9

Enclosed Equipment Gamma radiation § High energy § Can penetrate piping where scales deposit

Enclosed Equipment Gamma radiation § High energy § Can penetrate piping where scales deposit § External Risk Version One 2006 10

Open Equipment Ø Alpha / Beta particles: § inhaled § ingested § absorbed into

Open Equipment Ø Alpha / Beta particles: § inhaled § ingested § absorbed into cuts § Internal risk Version One 2006 11

Health Risk Ø NORM radiation § Low gamma radiation risk § Major risk inhalation

Health Risk Ø NORM radiation § Low gamma radiation risk § Major risk inhalation and ingestion of scale/debris § Alpha / Beta particles can damage internal cells § May lead to lung or bone cancer Version One 2006 12

Where to Find NORM v Fixed Scales v Sludge v Salts v Assume all

Where to Find NORM v Fixed Scales v Sludge v Salts v Assume all fluid bearing systems are NORM contaminated until proven otherwise v If in doubt ask the PDO Production Supervisor Version One 2006 13

Scale Tubulars Valves Version One 2006 14

Scale Tubulars Valves Version One 2006 14

Sludge stored in pits Sludge mixed with sand land farmed Version One 2006 15

Sludge stored in pits Sludge mixed with sand land farmed Version One 2006 15

Evaporation Pond Version One 2006 16

Evaporation Pond Version One 2006 16

Separators and Tanks Version One 2006 17

Separators and Tanks Version One 2006 17

Water Leaks Version One 2006 18

Water Leaks Version One 2006 18

Job Types at Risk Ø § § § Who is exposed: production operatives production

Job Types at Risk Ø § § § Who is exposed: production operatives production maintenance tank, vessel, separator cleaning hoist and rig crews pigging crews sludge farm operatives Version One 2006 19

NORM Specification Ø SP 1170 Management of NORM § system of work (PTW) §

NORM Specification Ø SP 1170 Management of NORM § system of work (PTW) § exposure limits § monitoring § transportation § storage § PPE § Templates / Records Version One 2006 20

Managing NORM Risk Ø NORM management flow chart: PTW Vessel inspection Identify Before entry

Managing NORM Risk Ø NORM management flow chart: PTW Vessel inspection Identify Before entry monitor NORM Assess Is external radiation and or surface contamination greater than clean area level Normal Working procedure *Classify area • Continue monitoring * Implement appropriate safe working procedures Compile NORM Monitoring data Control & Recovery Is there solid waste Specific activity analysis Version One 2006 All solid waste stored in labelled drums/containers 21

Permit to Work Ø Permit to Work: § When opening production equipment § Request

Permit to Work Ø Permit to Work: § When opening production equipment § Request NORM Survey as part of the Pt. W OR § Verify surveys or maps that facility is: § NORM free, § NORM Suspected § NORM Contaminated § Check with Production Operator Version One 2006 22

Fahud NORM Map SHIBKAN FAHUD WEST NATIH B C A NAHAD. B. S D

Fahud NORM Map SHIBKAN FAHUD WEST NATIH B C A NAHAD. B. S D E NORM Contamination: NORM Suspected: NORM Free: NORM Contamination: > 5 CPS abg ( > 10 cps) NORM Suspected: Minor NORM ( < 10 cps) NORM Free: Background levels (2 - 3 cps) Version One 2006 23

NORM Survey Version One 2006 24

NORM Survey Version One 2006 24

NORM Guidelines Ø Ø § § § Procedures for specific NORM tasks: “How to

NORM Guidelines Ø Ø § § § Procedures for specific NORM tasks: “How to do” documents tank and separator cleaning pigging transportation sampling well workovers / servicing Others available Version One 2006 26

Controlling NORM v Plan the job v Conduct tool box talk v Create a

Controlling NORM v Plan the job v Conduct tool box talk v Create a supervised area v Follow procedures / guidelines v Provide appropriate PPE v Prevent airborne dust v Provide polyethylene lining and containers v Contain debris in one area v Encapsulate equipment at open ends Version One 2006 27

NORM PPE Ø § § § Appropriate PPE: P 3 disposable respirator disposable coveralls

NORM PPE Ø § § § Appropriate PPE: P 3 disposable respirator disposable coveralls impermeable rubber gloves safety glasses steelcap boots § Note: PPE should washed or wiped clean and disposed as normal § Do not send to Bahja Version One 2006 28

Personal Hygiene Ø § § If working with NORM equipment: do not eat or

Personal Hygiene Ø § § If working with NORM equipment: do not eat or drink in cordoned area do not apply barrier cream or lip balm Dress cuts and abrasions Wash hands and face before eating, drinking or smoking Version One 2006 29

NORM Monitoring Conducted by trained personnel § Before commencement of work § Using NORM

NORM Monitoring Conducted by trained personnel § Before commencement of work § Using NORM Record Form § Attach NORM Record to Pt. W Version One 2006 30

NORM Meters PDO Assets must have: 1. Mini 900 with 44 A probe 2.

NORM Meters PDO Assets must have: 1. Mini 900 with 44 A probe 2. Mini 900 with EP 15 Probe 3. Graetz X 5 Cex Dose Meter Specific Operations e. g. hoists Version One 2006 31

Mini 900 with 44 A probe Ø § § Basic contamination Meter Reads in

Mini 900 with 44 A probe Ø § § Basic contamination Meter Reads in counts per second (cps) Tests + / - for NORM Sensitive for gamma radiation Used to measure external contamination before opening § Used to measure internally once opened § Not intrinsically safe Version One 2006 32

Mini 900 with EP 15 probe Ø Contamination Meter § reads in counts per

Mini 900 with EP 15 probe Ø Contamination Meter § reads in counts per second (cps) § Detects Alpha (α) and Beta (β) § Used to measure external contamination § e. g. esp’s, tubulars and LNG equipment § Fragile, not intrinsically safe Version One 2006 33

Graetz Dose Meter Ø Reads in microsieverts/hr (µSv/hr) § Used if Mini 900/44 A

Graetz Dose Meter Ø Reads in microsieverts/hr (µSv/hr) § Used if Mini 900/44 A > 100 cps § E. g. tank & separator cleaning § If dose > 2. 5 u. Sv/hr = Supervised Area § If dose > 7. 5 u. Sv/hr = Controlled Area § Intrinsically safe Version One 2006 34

Contamination Monitoring Ø § § § Mini 900 with 44 A prove background radiation

Contamination Monitoring Ø § § § Mini 900 with 44 A prove background radiation 3 - 4 counts per second (cps) readings > 5 cps above background = NORM implement NORM Procedures (Guidelines) Version One 2006 35

Contamination Monitoring Ø Tells us if NORM is there (Yes or No) < 5

Contamination Monitoring Ø Tells us if NORM is there (Yes or No) < 5 cps abg No NORM No controls > 5 cps abg NORM PPE if opening > 100 cps NORM PPE if opening Monitor dose Version One 2006 36

Dose § Dose - signifies the harmfulness of the radiation § Higher dose =

Dose § Dose - signifies the harmfulness of the radiation § Higher dose = greater health risk < 1 u. Sv/hr > 1 u. Sv/hr Minimal external risk Risk increases > 2. 5 u. Sv/hr Supervised Areas > 7. 5 u. Sv/hr Controlled Areas Version One 2006 Keep records Restrict access Only radiation workers in these areas 37

Labelling & Placarding Yellow/black stickers Tubulars, pumps, pipes NORM Placards • Wells • Manifolds

Labelling & Placarding Yellow/black stickers Tubulars, pumps, pipes NORM Placards • Wells • Manifolds • Areas Version One 2006 38

Storage Ø Wrap in heavy duty plastic (0. 2 mm) § Use NORM Tape

Storage Ø Wrap in heavy duty plastic (0. 2 mm) § Use NORM Tape • Drum sludge or pigging debris Version One 2006 39

Storage • End cap all tubulars • Plastic wrap exterior contaminated tubulars Version One

Storage • End cap all tubulars • Plastic wrap exterior contaminated tubulars Version One 2006 40

Completing NORM Work Ø § § § On work completion: complete record form send

Completing NORM Work Ø § § § On work completion: complete record form send sample for laboratory analysis decontaminate everyone leaving site check site for contamination take down barriers Version One 2006 41

Recording NORM Data Ø § § § SP 1170 - Appendix A job details

Recording NORM Data Ø § § § SP 1170 - Appendix A job details monitoring details (cps) or (µSv/hr) supervised & controlled areas exposure log (µSv/hr) § Signatures § If daily dose exposure > 8 µSv per day keep permanent record § perform risk assessment on Job type Version One 2006 42

Transport of NORM Originator completes: • Appendix B of SP 1170 • Despatch Section

Transport of NORM Originator completes: • Appendix B of SP 1170 • Despatch Section of Appendix C • Gives Appendix B to Transport Contractor completes: • Appendix C of SP 1170 • Gives Forms to Bahja NORM Yard Operator Version One 2006 43

Transporting NORM Ø Recording NORM: § measure radiation emitted & record findings § identify

Transporting NORM Ø Recording NORM: § measure radiation emitted & record findings § identify & label contaminated equipment § create & maintain records § advise asset of results & contaminated equipment § inventory contaminated equipment § transport to PDO Bahja NORM Yard Version One 2006 44

NORM Movements Ø § § § Recording movement: transported as class 7 dangerous good

NORM Movements Ø § § § Recording movement: transported as class 7 dangerous good label equipment & placard truck measure drivers exposure dose check vehicle prior to leaving transport to the Bahja NORM Yard provide yard operator with records (Appendix B & C) Version One 2006 45

NORM Training Ø NORM training: § awareness training for all personnel exposed to NORM

NORM Training Ø NORM training: § awareness training for all personnel exposed to NORM in the workplace § supervisor training for all personnel responsible for issue of permits to work or supervise workers exposed to NORM Version One 2006 46

NORM Ø Summary: § assume all fluid bearing systems contaminated until proven clean §

NORM Ø Summary: § assume all fluid bearing systems contaminated until proven clean § refer to PDO Production Supervisor to identify NORM areas § follow SP 1170 and SP 1009 § implement NORM guidelines § test ALL systems at first breach and regularly as new surfaces encountered § record all results including zero readings § wear appropriate PPE § transport contaminated material to storage facility Version One 2006 47

Mini 900 with 44 A probe Ø Externally Ø Around bends Ø 5 cps

Mini 900 with 44 A probe Ø Externally Ø Around bends Ø 5 cps abg = NORM Ø Internally Ø Turbulent areas Ø 5 cps abg = NORM Version One 2006 48